【正文】 ment process was carried out properly, this step will be very simple. All the programmer will have to do is to replace pseudo code with the corresponding MATLAB statements on a oneforone basis. 5. Test the resulting MATLAB program This step is the real killer. The ponents of the program must first be tested individually, if possible, and then the program as a whole must be tested. When testing a program, we must verify that it works correctly for all legal input data sets. It is very mon for a program to be written, tested with some standard data set, and released for use, only to find that it produces the wrong answers (or crashes) with a 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文 ） 外文翻譯 different input data set. If the algorithm implemented in a program includes different branches, we must test all of the possible branches to confirm that the program operates correctly under every possible circumstance. Large programs typically go through a series of tests before they are released for general use (see Figure 2). The first stage of testing is sometimes called unit testing. During unit testing, the individual subtasks of the program are tested separately to confirm that they work correctly. After the unit testing is pleted, the program goes through a series of builds, during which the individual subtasks are bined to produce the final program. The first build of the program typically includes only a few of the subtasks. It is used to check the interactions among those subtasks and the functions performed by the binations of the subtasks. In successive builds, more and more subtasks are added, until the entire program is plete. Testing is performed on each build, and any errors(bugs) detected are corrected before moving on to the next build. Figure 2 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文 ） 外文翻譯 中文翻譯 MATLAB 介紹 MATLAB (矩陣實(shí)驗(yàn)室的簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng) )是一種專(zhuān)業(yè)的計(jì)算機(jī)程序，用于工程科學(xué)的矩陣數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算。 MATLAB 的優(yōu)點(diǎn) MATLAB 語(yǔ)言相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的科技編程語(yǔ)言有諸多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。在本書(shū)編寫(xiě)的時(shí)侯， windows98/2020/NT 和許多版本的 UNIX 系統(tǒng)都支持它。例如，用戶可以購(gòu)買(mǎi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的工具箱以解決在信號(hào)處理， 控制系統(tǒng)，通信，圖象處理，神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和其他許多領(lǐng)域的問(wèn)題。不幸的是，由于 MATLAB 是解釋性語(yǔ)言，而不是編譯型語(yǔ)言，產(chǎn)生的程序執(zhí)行速度慢。盡管如此，相對(duì)于大多數(shù)考慮購(gòu)買(mǎi)的人還是很昂貴的。但在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，問(wèn)題可能會(huì)非常的大，程序員再用這種方法編程將會(huì)陷入困境。一旦你真正理解了問(wèn)題，你就會(huì)把這個(gè)問(wèn)題分解成許多小的問(wèn)題 ，更加易于管理的小塊，然后逐一解決某一個(gè)小塊。上面的例子對(duì)問(wèn)題合適的陳述應(yīng)為 :設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)用于解決聯(lián)立線性方程組的程序，這些方程中未知數(shù)的系數(shù)為實(shí)數(shù)，最多有 20 個(gè)未知數(shù)。如果一些子工作還是比較大，設(shè)計(jì)者還可以把他它分解成更小的塊。所有程序員都會(huì)將偽代碼一句一句地轉(zhuǎn)化為合適地 MATLAB 語(yǔ)句。在單元檢測(cè)過(guò)程中，程序的子程序?qū)?huì)被獨(dú)立地檢測(cè)以證明它的正確性。 圖 2 。大程序在交付大眾使用之前，必須經(jīng)過(guò)一系列地檢測(cè) (圖 2)。如果設(shè)計(jì)者真正理解了解決問(wèn)題這個(gè)些步驟，他將會(huì)對(duì)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分解和逐步求精。編程設(shè)計(jì)者開(kāi)始對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行邏輯劃分，把它逐步分解為一個(gè)又一個(gè)子工作。他必須弄清楚要有多少問(wèn)題需要解決 ?在這些方程式中有沒(méi)有對(duì)稱(chēng)的形式使我們的開(kāi)發(fā)變得簡(jiǎn)單 ?程序設(shè)計(jì)者必須和使用者討論所需的程序，他們必須要對(duì)完成的任務(wù) 有一個(gè)精確細(xì)致的描述。當(dāng)我們離開(kāi)學(xué)校，在工廠從事于大規(guī)模軟件工程編寫(xiě)時(shí)，我深深地理解了它所說(shuō)的話。 自上而下的編程方法簡(jiǎn)介 假設(shè)你是在工廠工作的工程師，為了解決某些問(wèn)題，你要編寫(xiě)一個(gè)程序。一個(gè)完全 版 MATLAB 編譯器的大小是一個(gè) C 語(yǔ)言或Fortan 語(yǔ)言編譯器的 5 到 10倍。 編譯器 MATLAB 的靈活性和平臺(tái)獨(dú)立性是通過(guò)將 MATLAB 代碼編譯成設(shè)備獨(dú)立的 P 代碼，然后在運(yùn)行時(shí)解釋 P 代碼來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)的。像這樣成百本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文 ） 外文翻譯 上千的函數(shù)已經(jīng)在 MATLAB 中編寫(xiě)好，所以讓編程變得更加簡(jiǎn)單。這些工具包括：一個(gè)集成的編譯 /調(diào)試器，在線文件手冊(cè)，工作臺(tái)和擴(kuò)展范例。本書(shū)無(wú)意將 MATLAB 的所有函數(shù)介紹給大家，而是讓大家掌握編寫(xiě)調(diào)試和優(yōu)化程序的基本功，還有一些重要函數(shù)的子集。本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文 ） 外文翻譯 外文原文 Introduction to MATLAB MATLAB (short for Matrix Laboratory) is a specialpurpose puter program optimized to perform engineering and scientific calculations. It started life has a program designed to perform matrix mathematics, but over the years it has grown into a flexible puting system capable of solving essentially any technical problem. The MATLAB program implements the MATLAB programming language and provides an extensive library of predefined functions that make technical programming tasks easier and more efficient. This book introduces the MATLAB language and shows how to use it to solve typical technical problems. MATLAB is a hug