【正文】 ement accuracy, and erroryun Xu scope can be carried out through the adjustment of these coordinates, so that a higher measurement accuracy. (3)Point set should take into account the need to take the middle lane In the set point, not only should be wire line control points, that is, to point the center line should also prepare for the release, depending on the route pass conditions, and higher terrain 17 can be laid at a number of aircraft equipment, the benefits of doing so is to take the middle lane when there is a greater choice and do not have equipment for an additional two points to allow devices to stop several times. (4)Apparatus after the operation and staffing, as the role of staff Total Station with the road generally traversing a total of 5~6 people, depending on the location of the previous 3 to 4 people, equipment operator 1, the latter depending on a person. After the total station as the staff can record more points, the center line of the latter line of measurement and design can play a very large role. Works through the following specific examples to illustrate the importance of after, as the staff. Henan Provincial Highway 23 in Nanyang City Line to Bangladesh floor habitats Dengzhou secondary roads traversing alteration works, because it is the old GM, the measurement principle is to meet the regulatory requirements under the premise of using the old as much as possible. Easy to control the general line segment, and the Department in order to bend as much as possible along the old road on the bend radius must be a very suitable choice. We measured the key is: the people, as after the after, after, as, to turn the corner along the old release 5~6 bend radius control point, so Total Station to record the coordinates of points, so within the industry to deal with wires, the Department of these bend lines such as the use of design software in Haiti through the debug radius curves make as much as possible through these points. If both sides of a longer and a lot of flat curves Housing Department, later, as in the old curve measured 12 points to control the curve, including the industry deal with the position found in the plex curve is the best option to avoid the set caused by the demolition of a multiradius curves and linear nonideal errors. (5)Wires should be noted that the issue of measurement Total Station with the wire used to fight some of the areas in need of special attention, otherwise large errors may arise even lead to rework. 1) When the latter, as we must pay attention to people after the legislation, as the latter point of view and coordinate with the importation of equipment and take the points 18 Consistent standard, it is best to use walkietalkie munications with each other like dots with a prism depending on the exhausted, the used equipment after the release point of view to see whether the same location, so that error probability can be reduced to a minimum. Henan Provincial Highway 48 in line Xixia throughout the wire measurement, as firsttime coordinates, apparatus, aircraft operators will view the site and post the coordinates of the antilost, resulting inShow map on your puter when the road at this location found that the 180176。 結(jié)束語 全站儀在我國出現(xiàn)只是近幾年的事，大面積的普及應(yīng)用才剛剛開始，但它給我們帶來的方便已經(jīng)是非常顯著了。如在山區(qū)沿溪線的改線測量中，有些路線的幾個(gè)中線點(diǎn)上了山頭，如果用水準(zhǔn)儀來測這幾個(gè)點(diǎn)的高程，根據(jù)以往經(jīng)驗(yàn)，水準(zhǔn)儀往山頭上轉(zhuǎn)架幾次儀器后容易引起誤差過大，造成水準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)之間不閉合。一般情況下，導(dǎo)線測量中測點(diǎn)的高程值只作參考，而不能用作水準(zhǔn)測量。 1）對后視的時(shí)候一定要注意后視人立的后視點(diǎn)的點(diǎn)號和坐標(biāo)是否與儀器中輸入的點(diǎn)號和坐標(biāo)一致，最好用對講機(jī)互相通報(bào)一下點(diǎn)號，用棱鏡對完后視后 ，再用儀器放后視點(diǎn)，看位置是否一致，這樣可將出錯(cuò)幾率降至最小。 （ 4） 儀器操作人員配置及后視人員的作用 一般用全站儀配合公路導(dǎo)線測量一共需要 5~6人，其中前視位置 3~4人，儀器操作員 1人，后視 1人。 6 Bored pile Summary： Drill ( flushing, dig ) pile from the nieen sixties, beginning in Henan province Nanyang region since the development application, because of its many advantages, has been widely used in soft soil, loess, including soil, expansive soil and other special types of foundation and industrial, civil, municipal, railway, highway, port and other types of Engineering ,practice. And precast pile, bored pile construction of no noise, no vibration, on the surrounding buildings and small environmental impact, pile diameter, buried deep, large bearing capacity. China’s drilling pile maximum diameter of pile has reached 4000mm, maximum deep pile has reached 104m, and the steel pipe pile maximum diameter of 1200mm, the largest pile of prestressed concrete pipe pile with deep 83m,maximum diameter of 1300mm, the biggest pile depth 40m. Along with our country socialist construction is booming, with highrise buildings, large span bridges on the rise, the bearing capacity of pile foundation with higher requirements. Large diameter bored pile therefore gets rapid development, pile length and pile diameter also do bigger more. However, in the existing various methods of pile, bored pile has many advantages and is widely used in construction, but it is hard to avoid the impact of mud, which not only reduces the bearing capacity of pile expectations, but also caused a serious waste of materials. Manual hole digging of pile is difficult to achieve greater depth, its bearing capacity is also difficult to just as one wishes. In view of bored pile in this situation, how to improve the pile construction technology level, make the input material to be more reasonable to use, so as to greatly increase the bearing capacity of single pile in engineering field, have bee hot issues in recent years. introduction of bored castinplace pile Perfusion pile refers to the construction site by mechanical drilling, steel pipe soil paction or human mining method in the foundation pile hole in form, and on its inner placed reinforcement cage, concrete made with different pile, drilling method, grouting pile can be divided again for castinplace pile, bored pile and digging severa