【正文】
boiling in copper vessels,exposing to sunlight, filtering through charcoal, and cooling in an earthen vessel. The earliest known apparatus for clarifying liquids was pictureed on Egyptian walls in the fifteenth and thirteenth centuries . The first picture represents the siphoning of either water of settled wine. A second picture shows the use of wick siphons in an Egyptian kitchen. The first engineering report on water supply and treatment was made in . 98 by Sextus Julius Frontinus, watermissioner of Rome. He produced two books on the water supply of Rome. In these he described a settling reservoir at the head of one of the aqueducts. His writings were first translated into English by the noted hydraulic engineer Clemens Herschel in 1899. In the eight century . an Arabian alchemist,Geber,wrote a rather specialized treatise on distillation that included various stills for water and other liquids. The English philosopher Sir Francis Bacon wrote of his experiments on the purification of water by filtration, boiling, distillation and clarification by coagulation. This was published in 1627, one year after his death. Bacon also noted that clarifying water trends to improve health and increase the pleasure of the eye. The first known illutrate