【正文】 另外，入侵者也試圖獲取應(yīng)予保護(hù)的信息。然而，這些傳統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)遭遇數(shù)個(gè)性能瓶頸：系統(tǒng)維護(hù)需要不斷進(jìn)行；利用率差；與硬件／軟件升級(jí)有關(guān)的費(fèi)用日益增長(zhǎng)。 for an ining message, it is just the opposite.2. The transport layer converts long messages into packets patible with the Internet before their transmission and reassembles them at the destination.3. The packets related to a mon message may follow different paths through the Internet.4. Only the link and network layers are involved at the intermediate stops during a packet’s journey to its final destination.II. Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1. ining message 來(lái)報(bào)，到來(lái)的報(bào)文2. application layer 應(yīng)用層3. utility software 實(shí)用軟件4. sequence number （順）序號(hào)，序列號(hào)5. remote login capabilities 遠(yuǎn)程登錄能力6. 端口號(hào) port number7. 軟件例程 software routine8. 傳輸層 transport layer9. 文件傳送協(xié)議 FTP（File Transfer Protocol）10. 萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)瀏覽器 Web browserUnit Nine: Mobile and Cloud ComputingUnit Nine/Section AI. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1. The concept of cloud puting has evolved from cluster, grid, and utility puting.2. A public cloud is built over the Internet and can be accessed by any user who has paid for the service.3. A private cloud is built within the domain of a (n) intranet owned by a single organization.4. A (n) hybrid cloud is built with both public and private clouds.5. Generally speaking, private clouds are easier to manage, and public clouds are easier to access.6. The rapid progress in multicore CPUs, memory chip, and disk arrays has made it possible to built faster data centers with huge amounts of storage space.7. One of the design objectives for cloud puting is shifting puting from desktops to data centers8. The Internet cloud is envisioned as a massive cluster of servers, which can be physical machines or VMs.II. Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1. server farm 大型機(jī)服務(wù)器2. access protocol 存取協(xié)議，訪問(wèn)協(xié)議3. storage area network 存儲(chǔ)區(qū)域網(wǎng)（絡(luò)）4. highthroughput puting 高吞吐（量）計(jì)算5. server cluster 服務(wù)器集群6. public cloud 公共云7. grid puting 網(wǎng)格計(jì)算8. securityaware cloud architecture 具有安全意識(shí)的云體系結(jié)構(gòu)9. social networking 社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)10. utility puting 效用計(jì)算11. 云計(jì)算提供商 cloud puting provider12. 存儲(chǔ)芯片 memory chip13. 基于內(nèi)部網(wǎng)的私有云 intranetbased private cloud14. 網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬 network bandwidth15. 混合云 hybrid cloud16. 磁盤(pán)陣列 disk array17. 軟件即服務(wù) Software as a Service (SaaS)18. 集群計(jì)算 cluster puting19. 虛擬化計(jì)算機(jī)資源 virtualized puter resources20. 多核處理器 multicore processorIV. Translate the following passage from English into Chinese:Cloud puting applies a virtualized platform with elastic resources on demand by provisioning hardware, software, and data sets dynamically. The idea is to move desktop puting to a serviceoriented platform using server cluster and huge databases at data centers. Cloud puting leverages its low cost and simplicity to benefit both users and providers. Machines virtualization has enabled such costeffectiveness. Cloud puting intends to satisfy many user applications simultaneously. The cloud ecosystem (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) must be designed to be secure, trustworthy, and dependable. Some puter users think of the cloud as a centralized resource pool. Others consider the cloud to be a servers used.Traditionally, a distributed puting system tends to be owned and operated by an autonomous administrative domain (e. g., a research laboratory or pany) for onpremises (機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部的) puting needs. However, these traditional systems have encountered several performance bottlenecks (瓶頸): constant system maintenance, poor utilization, and increasing costs associated with hardware/software upgrades (升級(jí)). Cloud puting as an ondemand puting paradigm resolves or relieves us from these problems.云計(jì)算動(dòng)態(tài)供應(yīng)硬件、軟件和數(shù)據(jù)集，以此方式按需應(yīng)用一個(gè)擁有彈性資源的虛擬化平臺(tái)。Unit Seven/Section BI. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1. In the bus topology, a terminator should be installed at each end of the bus or main cable.2. As pared with the star topology, the extended star topology adds subcentral devices instead of connecting all devices to a central unit.3. The hierarchical topology, also referred to as the tree topology, is much like the star topology, except that it doesn’t use a (n) central node.4. A truly redundant network can be created with the mesh topology.II. Translate the following terms or phrases from English into Chinese and vice versa:1. routing path 路由選擇通路2. dualring topology 雙環(huán)形拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)3. extended star topology 擴(kuò)展星形拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)4. backbone network 基干網(wǎng)，骨干網(wǎng)5. mesh topology 網(wǎng)格拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)6. 同軸電纜 coaxial cable7. 邏輯拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) logical topology8. 無(wú)沖突連網(wǎng)環(huán)境 collisionfree networking environment9. 樹(shù)形拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) tree topology10. 目的地節(jié)點(diǎn) destination nodeUnit Eight: The InternetUnit Eight/Section AI. Fill in the blanks with the information given in the text:1. The Internet originated from research projects going back to the early 1960s.2. The establishment of domains on the Internet is overseen by a nonprofit corporation called ICANN或the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers.3. A registered domain can be attached to the existing Internet by means of a (n) router which is often referred to as the gateway of the domain.4. A user typically connects to the Internet in one of two ways: temporary/dialup connections and permanent/dedicated connections.5. A (n) ISP或Internet service provider is a pany that provides Internet access and other services to customers.6. An IP address is a 32bit address made up of two parts: the network identifier and the host address, ident