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s life should normally be reported in the past tense. Sample 2 Ernest Hemingway (1899─ 1961) was born in 1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. His father was a successful and welltodo physician who enjoyed hunting and fishing in his spare time. He often took young Hemingway with him while hunting or fishing and initiated him into the virtues of sportsman. It is said that Dr. Hemingway left his son not only a way of life but also a way of death. 3) If you mention events in a story in a chronological order, you should use the simple present tense for all. But the simple past tense or the present perfect tense should be used for an event that happened before one that has been mentioned. Sample 3 Here is a summary of The Scarlet Letter in The Oxford Companion to American Literature. An aged English scholar sends his young wife, Hester Prynne, to establish their home in Boston. When he arrives two years later, he finds Hester in the pillory with her illegitimate child in her arms. She refuses to name her lover and is sentenced to wear a scarlet A, signifying Adulteress, as a token of her sin. The husband conceals his identity, assumes the name Roger Chillingworth, and in the guise of a doctor seeks to discover her paramour. Hester, a woman of strong, independent nature, in her ostracism bees sympathetic with other unfortunates, and her works of mercy gradually win her the respect of her neighbors. Chillingworth meanwhile discovers that the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale, a revered, seemingly saintly young minister, is the father of Hester39。, or The method of research I am going to adopt is 4) Formulating the final topic. Sample ? General topic: 20th Century American Novelists ? Restricted: Hemingway and His Works ? More restricted: Hemingway and His Short Stories ? Topic chosen: Old People in Hemingway39。Thesis Writing Definition and Purpose thesis writing, that is the writing of a research paper. A research paper usually deals with an important issue, factual or theoretical, and it is usually fairly long and welldocumented. purpose or objectives of thesis writing ? 1. You may learn how to use libraries, how to read books critically and efficiently, and how to use books wisely and correctly. ? 2. You may familiarize yourself with the knowledge and mech