【正文】 The Drapier’ s Letters。 Song of Experience Robert Burns: Poems Chiefly in Scottish Dialect A. realistic novel Daniel Defoe: Robinson Crusoe。 L‘ Allegro Il Penseroso。 Thomas Campion。 Brobdingnag:懷疑和否定英國各種制度及政教措施，同時諷刺了同時代的歐洲國家的政治。 觀點： (對宗教與以往不同的見解解 )The Enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of 、反教會的思想比文藝復興人文主義文學具有更強烈的政治性和革命性 。 unrequited love, the lack of efficient law, poor leadership. The patient man can not handle all of this and instead wants to take matters into his own hand even with a simple dagger. This would relieve the stresses that are suffered. But we do not know what awaits us in the afterlife and this is what is so frightening. No one has ever returned from death and this is why it is so frightening. When we die we go someplace that we are not familiar with and join people whom we are not familiar with. This is why we are all afraid of death, and so the person who thinks about this situation does not know what to do. We are afraid of the action that we take causing death. But wait, What about Ophelia, the spirit. May my sins be remembered forever! The character of Hamlet: ① Hamlet was a humanist, a man who is from medieval prejudices and superstitions. ② Starting from his humanist love of man, he turns to those around him with the same eagerness. ③ His intellectual genius is outstanding. ④ Hamlet’ s melancholy is not the negative, hairsplitting and fruitless kind. It is rather the result of his perating habit of mind. Hamlet is not a mere scholar, and his nature is by no means meditative. On the contrary, Hamlet is a man of genius, highly acplished and educated, a man of farreaching perception and sparkling wit. He is a scholar, solider and statesman. His image reflects the versatility of the men of the Renaissance. 五、 The Period of Revolution and Restoration (17C) 資產(chǎn)階級革命與王權(quán)復辟 革命時間 :1640～ 1689 年 復辟時間 :1660 年 曲折過程 :Common interests →conflict→The clashes between the King and parliament 1642 年 ,英國資產(chǎn)階級革命后的 20 年里 ,英國政局動蕩 ,戰(zhàn)火連綿不斷。 The story was endowed with what medieval romance lackedinterest of character as well as incident. 觀點： He believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions and a blind belief in 盲從中解脫出來。人民為他舉行了隆重的葬禮。怪物之母為子復仇，又被他追蹤殺死。 傳奇：描寫騎士的冒險精神和典雅愛情，表現(xiàn)騎士為獲得榮譽、保護宗教或為了贏得貴婦人的愛情而到處冒險的騎士精神的文學。 譯文：生存或毀滅 , 這是個必答之問題 :是否應(yīng)默默的忍受坎苛命運之無情打擊 ,還是應(yīng)與深如大海之無涯苦難奮然為敵 ,并將其克服。 ② John Milton(16081674)約翰 .彌爾頓（氣勢磅礴） The indomitable Puritan sprit finds its noblest expression in him. 詩歌： Paradise Lost 失樂園 (反抗上帝、對自由的渴望 )Paradise Regained復樂園 戲劇： Samson Agonistes 力士參孫 Shorter poems: L‘ Allegro 快樂頌 。 ③ Captain Singleton 辛格爾頓船長 Colonel Jack 杰克上校 Moll Flanders 摩爾 Edmund Spenser: The Fairy Queen prose essay: Francis Bacon: Es