外文翻譯材料制備機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)理論中的新趨勢(shì)和新問(wèn)題-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 因此我們需要在重要部位采用具有新功能的原料；例如：尺度功能有傾向的材料是想當(dāng)可貴的。 耦合裝置和在材料加工系統(tǒng)中物理領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的穩(wěn)定性隨著系統(tǒng)的功能越來(lái)越多元化；許多限制材料加工進(jìn)度的傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)正在不斷的被改善；系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)也逐漸變得越來(lái)越復(fù)雜，系統(tǒng)性能變得越來(lái)越好。 在高壓場(chǎng)條件下非線性接觸式機(jī)械裝置在大范圍內(nèi)組建一個(gè)超強(qiáng)力壓力場(chǎng)是材料加工設(shè)備的一個(gè)基本功能。3．在特殊的物理領(lǐng)域和環(huán)境下金屬材料加工設(shè)備的問(wèn)題和需要學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容由于這些原因和以上提到的背景，如下的一些新的研究主題應(yīng)該被改進(jìn)： 連接傳熱裝置和溫度應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的相界面當(dāng)融化金屬處于液體和固體的臨界狀態(tài)時(shí)通過(guò)連續(xù)的變形和快速凝固，一種全新的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)可以被獲得。例如：在高溫環(huán)境下能使那些高溫波或者脈沖以超過(guò)104~106K/s的速度冷卻下來(lái)；將外表面的凝固、變形合成一體，然后在將超強(qiáng)接觸面應(yīng)力重新組合成新的分界面；融化的大金屬薄片的湍流；隨機(jī)的低頻率磁場(chǎng)用于金屬末加熱的微波、用于大量凝固的超聲波等等都已經(jīng)被應(yīng)用了。例如：神秘原料功能，半導(dǎo)體材料，原料能量有吸力的材料，在航空領(lǐng)域中占有70%份額的強(qiáng)力鋁合金4~5um的薄金屬片，用各向異性深沖壓金屬板在1%以下；電子鋁箔與強(qiáng)耐熱鋁合金已經(jīng)被應(yīng)用到航空、宇宙及深海領(lǐng)域中，等等；在原料加工加工領(lǐng)域中不同的時(shí)間段里，材料重要發(fā)展趨勢(shì)就這樣形成了：（1）在特殊的物理領(lǐng)域里制造原料加工機(jī)械，是為了能有特殊的質(zhì)地結(jié)構(gòu)和輔助性的加工功能。s 1 , line wave and pulse plex exerted in solidifying deforming area , super strength contact stress field of material forming interface ,turbulent flow field of molten metal with very big flakiness ratio ,low frequency magnetic field with random frequency ,microwave field for powder metal heating ,ultrasonic field for large volume solidifying ,etc. [4 ] ,are applied.(2) To have the ability to work in critical state so that high stability and ideal performance of processing machine is ensured under the circumstance of reinforced technological condition and multi field coupling operation. For example ,chatter suppressing capability of fast ultra thin rolling under the condition of boundary lubricating state[5 ] ,the capability of self excited vibration suppressing under the condition of special friction state ,synergism stability and disturbance stability of flexible connecting parallel shaft with multi driving system ,etc. [4 ] ,are ensured.(3) To have the ability to accurately control the material processing in order to obtain low loss ,high efficiency and high quality of material processing. For example , super high accuracy on line monitor of products form ,on – line monitor and on line adjustment of products texture and properties ,precision coordination control of multi procedure , on line monitor of micro orientation of metal plastic deformation ,etc. [4 ] ,are ensured. Some products accuracy index may be enumerated as follows : dimensional accuracy ing to , microstructure uniformity to crystal lattice ,strength error to MPa ,etc. [4 ] In short ,only by new concept material processing machine with extraordinary function being designed and made , can special function material be processed.3 Science Problems and Study Contents of Metal Material Processing MachineUnder the Circumstance of Extraordinary Physical FieldIn view of these facts and background mentioned above ,several new research topics can be advanced as follows.3. 1 Coupling Heat Transfer Mechanism of Multi Phase Interface Temperature Stress FieldA brand new microstructure can be obtained through continuously large deformation and fast solidifying when melting metal is in critical state of liquid solid. At this very moment ,high density heat flow and dynamic heat resistance are present in material processing circumstance[6 ,7 ] . A basic theory problem of designing this kind of machine is to study mechanism of heat transmittance and energy conversion ,and to establish mathematical model .3. 2 Friction Constraint Mechanism of Plastic Flow Interface of Material Processing MachineThe coupli
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