【正文】 存在短路故障的變壓器，其空載電流值將遠大于滿載電流的10％。G一般小功率電源變壓器允許溫升為40℃～50℃，如果所用絕緣材料質(zhì)量較好，允許溫升還可提高。在變壓器的初級繞組中串聯(lián)一個10/5W的電阻，次級仍全部空載。再根據(jù)這些標記進行識別。如線圈引線是否斷裂，脫焊，絕緣材料是否有燒焦痕跡，鐵心緊固螺桿是否有松動，硅鋼片有無銹蝕，繞組線圈是否有外露等。在旋動轉(zhuǎn)軸的過程中，如果指針有時指向零，說明動片和定片之間存在短路點；如果碰到某一角度，萬用表讀數(shù)不為無窮大而是出現(xiàn)一定阻值，說明可變電容器動片與定片之間存在漏電現(xiàn)象。即先任意測一下漏電阻，記住其大小，然后交換表筆再測出一個阻值。對于0~01μF以上的固定電容，可用萬用表的R10k擋直接測試電容器有無充電過程以及有無內(nèi)部短路或漏電，并可根據(jù)指針向右擺動的幅度大小估計出電容器的容量。若測出阻值(指針向右擺動)為零，則說明電容漏電損壞或內(nèi)部擊穿。若此值很小或接近為零，說明光敏電阻已燒穿損壞，不能再繼續(xù)使用。測試時，不要用手捏住熱敏電阻體，以防止人體溫度對測試產(chǎn)生影響。實際阻值若與標稱阻值相差過大，則說明其性能不良或已損壞。檢測電位器的活動臂與電阻片的接觸是否良好。在電路中，當熔斷電阻器熔斷開路后，可根據(jù)經(jīng)驗作出判斷：若發(fā)現(xiàn)熔斷電阻器表面發(fā)黑或燒焦，可斷定是其負荷過重，通過它的電流超過額定值很多倍所致；如果其表面無任何痕跡而開路，則表明流過的電流剛好等于或稍大于其額定熔斷值。5％、177。 2%. G general low power power transformer to allow temperature rise 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃, if the use of good quality insulation materials, allowing temperature can be increased. H test discriminant end of each winding of the same name. in the use of power transformers, sometimes in order to get the required secondary voltage can be two or more secondary windings together in series to use. using tandem Law uses the power transformer, the participants in series of the same name each winding terminal must be properly connected, can not be wrong. Otherwise, the transformer can not be normal work. I. power transformer shortcircuit Fault prehensive test discriminant. power transformer shortcircuit fault occurs after the main symptoms are fever and secondary winding output voltage of serious disorders. Typically, the coil inside the more interturn short circuit, shortcircuit current of more large, while the more serious heat transformer. testing to determine whether there is power transformer shortcircuit fault of the simple way is to measure the load current (test methods have been introduced earlier). there is a transformer shortcircuit fault, its noload current value will be greater than full load current of 10%. When a serious short circuit, the transformer in load after powerup will be rapid, within tens of seconds, fever, handtocore will have a hot feeling. At this point can be determined withoutmeasuring noload current transformer shortcircuit spots.中文元器件的檢測是家電維修的一項基本功，如何準確有效地檢測元器件的相關(guān)參數(shù)，判斷元器件的是否正常，不是一件千篇一律的事，必須根據(jù)不同的元器件采用不同的方法，從而判斷元器件的正常與否。檢測判斷電源變壓器是否有短路性故障的簡單方法是測量空載電流 ( 測試方法前面已經(jīng)介紹 ) 。 G 一般小功率電源變壓器允許溫升為 40 ℃～ 50 ℃，如果所用絕緣材料質(zhì)量較好，允許溫升還可提高。在變壓器的初級繞組中串聯(lián)一個 10  /5W 的電阻，次級仍全部空載。Then according to these tags to identify. E 空載電流的檢測。 Such as the coil wire is broken, Sealingoff, insulation materials, whether there are scorch marks, whether the core fastening screw loose, whether silicon steel corrosion, whether there are exposed coil windings, etc.. B 絕緣性測試。 If you hit a certain point of view, multimeter reading is not infinite, but many will certainly resistance, indicating a variable capacitor move exists between the film and the stator leakage phenomenon. 三、電感器、變壓器檢測方Ⅲ.Inductors, transformers detection methods and experience 1 色碼電感器的的檢1. color code inductor test 將萬用表置于 R1 擋，紅、黑表筆各接色碼電感器的任一引出端，此時指針應(yīng)向右擺動。 Which is to look at any measure leakage resistance, remember its size, and then swap the table T and then measured by a resistance. 兩次測量中阻值大的那一次便是正向接法，即黑表筆接的是正極，紅表筆接的是負極。 For μ F or above a fixed capacitor can be used multimeter R 10k block directly test whether the process of charging capacitor, as well as whether the internal short circuit or leakage, and can swing under the pointer to the right size to estimate the magnitude of the capacity of capacitors . 2 電解電容器的檢測2. electrolytic capacitor testing A 因為電解電容的容量較一般固定電容大得多，所以，測量時，應(yīng)針對不同容量選用合適的量程Because the capacity of electrolytic capacitors is much greater than the average fixed capacitor, therefore, measurements should be the appropriate choice of different capacities range. 根據(jù)經(jīng)驗，一般情況下， 1 ～ 47 μ F 間的電容，可用 R1k 擋測量，大于 47 μ F 的電容可用 R100 擋測量。 If the measured resistance (pointer to the right swing) is zero, then capacitor leakage damage or internal breakdown. B 檢測 10PF ～ 0  01 μ F 固定電容器是否有充電現(xiàn)象，進而判斷其好Detection 10PF ~ μ F capacitor whether there is a fixed charge phenomenon, and then judge its good or bad. 萬用表選用 R1k 擋。 This value shows the bigger the better performance of lightsensitive resistors. 若此值很小或接近為零，說明光敏電阻已燒穿損壞，不能再繼續(xù)使用。 But NTC thermistor is sensitive to temperature, so testing should note the following: Rt is a manufacturer of environmental temperature measured at 25 ℃, so the measure with the multimeter Rt should also be at ambient temperature when close to 25 ℃ in order to ensure the credibility test. B 測量功率不得超過規(guī)定值，以免電流熱效應(yīng)引起測量誤差。 Detection with a multimeter R 1 block, concrete can be a twostep operation:temperature detection (indoor temperature close to 25 ℃)。 With the multimeter test, the first according to the size of the tested potentiometer resistance, choose the appropriate resistance gear a good multimeter, and then the following method may be 用萬用表的歐姆擋測 1 、 2 兩端，其讀數(shù)應(yīng)為電位器的標稱阻值，如萬用表的指針不動或阻值相差很多，則表明該電位器已損壞Block measured with a multimeter ohm 1, 2 at both ends, the reading should be nominal potentiometer resistance, such as the meter pointer does not move or resistance is far too small, then show that the potentiometer is damaged. B 檢測電位器的活動臂與電阻片的接觸是否良好。 detected resistance welding down from the circuit, at least to open a welding head, so as to avoid circuit testing have an impact on other ponents, resulting in measurement error。 5 ％、177。英文 摘自：電子電腦報元器件的檢測是家電維修的一項基本功，如何準確有效地檢測元器件的相關(guān)參數(shù)，判斷元器件的是否正常，不是一件千篇一律的事，必須根據(jù)不同的元器件采用不同的方法，從Component detection is an appliance repair basics, how to accurately and effectively detect the ponents of the relevant parameters to determine whether the normal ponent is not a cookiecutter thing, must be based on the different ponents use different methods to determine ponents normal or not. 特別對初學(xué)者來說，熟練掌握常用元器件的檢測方法和經(jīng)驗很有必要，以下對常用電子