【正文】 s management software statistics of law case is typical C / S architecture management software. (2) What is the structure of B/S. B/S ( Browser/Server ) structure browser and server structure. It is along with the technology of Inter spring up , it is for the structure of improvement or a kind of change of the structure of C/S. Under this kind of structure, user working interface is to realize through WWW browser, lose the logic of general affairs very much in front( Browser) realization, but the major logic of general affairs in server end( Server) realization, form the threelayer claimed 3tier structure. So, have simplified customer end puter load greatly , have alleviated system to defend workload and the cost with upgrading , have reduced the overall cost of user ( TCO ). With present technology see , local area work the work application that establishes the structure of B/S , and under the pattern of Inter/Intra, database application is easy to hold relatively , cost also is lower. It is that oneness goes to the development of position , can realize different people, never same place, with difference receive the way of entering ( for example LAN, WAN, Inter/Intra etc.) visit and operate mon database。 Another part faces every user , is realized by client puter, also namely, client puter is usual to carry out proscenium function , realizes manmachine interaction through user interface , or is the application program of specific conducted user. And server usually carries out the function of backstage supporter , manages the outside request concerning seting up, accepting and replying user that shared. For a puter, it can have double function , is being certain and momentary to carve to act as server , and again bees client puter in another time. Customer / server type puter divide into two kinds, one side who offers service is called as server , asks one side of service to be called as customer. To be able to offer service, server one side must have certain hardware and corresponding server software。 現(xiàn)在的趨勢是凡使用B/S 架構(gòu)的應(yīng)用管理軟件，只需安裝在 Linux 服務(wù)器上即可，而且安全性高。 目前，軟件系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)和升級越來越頻繁， B/S 架構(gòu)的產(chǎn)品明顯體現(xiàn)著更為方便的特性。所有這些，對于工作在前臺程序上的最終用戶，是“透明”的，他們無須過問 (通常也無法干涉 )背后的過程，就可以完成自己的一切工作。目前，這兩項(xiàng)技術(shù)以被世界各國所掌握，國內(nèi)公司以 C/S 和 B/S 技術(shù)開發(fā)出產(chǎn)品也很多。它是一次性到位的開發(fā)，能實(shí)現(xiàn)不同的人員，從不同的地點(diǎn)，以不同的接入方式 (比如 LAN, WAN, Inter/Intra 等 )訪問和操作共同的數(shù)據(jù)庫；它能有效地保護(hù)數(shù)據(jù)平臺和管理訪問權(quán)限，服務(wù)器數(shù)據(jù)庫也很安全 。而且代價高， 效率低。 什么是 C/S 和 B/S： 要想對“ C/S”和“ B/S”技術(shù)發(fā)展變化有所了解，首先必須搞清楚三個問題。 客戶端消腫： Client/Server 的客戶端具有顯示與處理數(shù)據(jù)的功能，對客戶端的要求很高，是一個“胖”客戶機(jī)。這種三層結(jié)構(gòu)層與層之間相互獨(dú)立，任何一層的改變不影響其它層的功能。它的任務(wù)是接受用戶的請求，首先需要執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的擴(kuò)展應(yīng)用程序與數(shù)據(jù)庫進(jìn)行連接，通過 SQL等方式向數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器提出數(shù)據(jù)處理申請，而后等數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器將數(shù)據(jù)處理的結(jié)果提交給Web 服務(wù)器，再由 Web 服務(wù)器傳送回客戶端。本質(zhì)上， Browser/Server 也是一種 Client/Server 結(jié)構(gòu)，它是一種由傳統(tǒng)的二層 Client/Server 結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展而來的三層 Client/Server 結(jié)構(gòu)在 Web 上應(yīng)用的特例。 多層的客戶 /服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu) 隨著企業(yè)應(yīng)用的擴(kuò)展，最近又出現(xiàn)了一種新的多層體系結(jié)構(gòu)，它把客戶端應(yīng)用分為兩部分：客戶應(yīng)用和服務(wù)器應(yīng)用。而服務(wù)器通常執(zhí)行后臺功能，管理共享的外設(shè)，接受并回答用戶的請求等。目前在應(yīng)用中常用到的有兩種： C/S 體系結(jié)構(gòu)和 B/S 體系結(jié)構(gòu)。 C/S 體系結(jié)構(gòu)即 client/server，客戶端 /服務(wù)器端。對于一臺計算機(jī)來說，它可以具有雙重功能，在某一時刻充當(dāng)服務(wù)器，而在另一時刻又成為客戶機(jī)?？蛻魬?yīng)用是原來客戶應(yīng)用的一部分，另一部分被移入服務(wù)器應(yīng)用中。 在 Browser/Server 的系統(tǒng)中，用戶可以通過瀏覽器向分布在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的許多服務(wù)器發(fā)出請求。 第三層 數(shù)據(jù)層：數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器。它從根本上改變了傳統(tǒng)的二層 Client/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)的缺陷，它是應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)體系結(jié)構(gòu)中一次深刻的變革。 Browser/Server 的客戶端不再負(fù)責(zé)數(shù)據(jù)庫的存取和復(fù)雜數(shù)據(jù)計算的等任務(wù)，只需要其進(jìn)行顯示，充分發(fā)揮了服務(wù)器的強(qiáng)大作用，這樣就大大的降低了對客戶端的要求，客戶端變得非?！笆荨?。 (1)什么是 C/S 結(jié)構(gòu)。如我院使用 的上海超蘭公司“案件統(tǒng)計”管理軟件就是典型的 C/S 體系結(jié)構(gòu)管理軟件。目前我院內(nèi)網(wǎng) (Intra)、外網(wǎng) (Inter)和北京東方清大公司“案件、辦公管理軟件”就是 B/S 結(jié)構(gòu)管理軟件，干警在局域網(wǎng)各工作站通過 WWW 瀏覽 器就能實(shí)現(xiàn)工作業(yè)務(wù)。這兩種技術(shù)都有自己一定的市場份額和客戶群，各家企業(yè)都說自己的管理軟件架構(gòu)技術(shù)功能強(qiáng)大、先進(jìn)、方便，都能舉出各自的客戶群體，都有一大群文人墨客為自己搖旗吶喊，廣告滿天飛， 可謂仁者見仁，智者見智 C/S 架構(gòu)軟件的優(yōu)勢與劣勢 (1)應(yīng)用服務(wù)器運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)負(fù)荷較輕。在客戶服務(wù)器架構(gòu)的應(yīng)用中，前臺程序不是非常“瘦小”，麻煩的事情都交給了服務(wù) 器和網(wǎng)絡(luò)。對一個稍微大一點(diǎn)單位來說，系統(tǒng)管理人員如果需要在幾百甚至上千部電腦之間來回奔跑，效率和工作量是可想而知 的，但 B/S 架構(gòu)的軟件只需要管理服務(wù)器就行了，所有的客戶端只是瀏覽器，根本不需要做任何的維護(hù)。所以服務(wù)器操作系統(tǒng)的選擇是很多的，不管選用那種操作系統(tǒng)都可以讓大部分人使用windows 作為桌面操作系統(tǒng)電腦不受影響，這就使的最流行免費(fèi)的 Linux 操作系統(tǒng)快速發(fā)展起來， Linux 除了操作系統(tǒng)是免費(fèi)的以外，連數(shù)據(jù)庫也是免費(fèi)的，這種選擇非常盛行。 Also, customer one side must also have certain hardware and corresponding customer software. There must be a agreement between server and customer, both sides municate according to this agreement. Apply customer / server model in Inter service , the relation between customer and server is not immutable. Some Inter node offers service on the one hand , also gets service on the other hand from other node。 It can protect data platform efficiently with management visit limits of authority, server database is also safe. Now in my courtyard, ( Intra ) , outer ( Inter ) with Beijing eastern clear big pany law case and the management software of official business is the structural management software of B/S , policemen each working station in local area work pass through WWW browser can realize working business. Especially in JAVA step platform language appearance after, the configuration management software of B/S is more facilitated , is shortcut, efficient. (3) The management software technology of main stream. The technology of main stream of management software technology is as management thought , have also gone through 3 develop period. First, interface technology goes to Windows graph interface ( or graph user interface GUI ) from last century DOS character interface, till Browser browser interface 3 differences develop period. Secondly, today own the browser interface of puter, is not only visual and is easy to use , what is more major is that any its style of application software based on browser platform is as, make the requirement of choosing a person for the job for operating training not high and software operability is strong , is easy to distinguish。 Therefore it is systematic that builtin and external user can visit new and existing application , through the logic in existing application system, can expand new application system. This is also present application system develop direction. Traditional C / S architecture though adopting is open pattern, but this is the openness that system de