【正文】 re the two levels of structure of the form of Client/Server , are developing to the Web application of distribution type since current software application is systematic, Web and the application of Client/Server can carry out same business handling , apply different modular to share logic assembly。因此，許多單位都備有數(shù)據(jù)庫存儲服務(wù)器，以防萬一。 (2)成本降低，選擇更多。在 JAVA這樣的跨平臺語言出現(xiàn)之后， B/S 架構(gòu)更是猛烈沖擊 C/S，并對其形成威脅和挑戰(zhàn)。 (2)數(shù)據(jù)的儲存管理功能較為透明。其次，今天所有電腦的瀏覽器界面，不僅直觀和易于使用，更主要的是基于瀏覽器平臺的任何應(yīng)用軟件其風(fēng)格都是一樣的，使用人對操作培訓(xùn)的要求不高，而且軟件可操作性強，易于識別；再者，平臺體系結(jié)構(gòu)也 從過去單用戶發(fā)展到今天的文件 /服務(wù)器 (F/S)體系、客戶機 /服務(wù)器 (C/S)體系和瀏覽器 /服務(wù)器 (B/S)體系 C/S 和 B/S 之比較 ： C/S 和 B/S 是當(dāng)今世界開發(fā)模式技術(shù)架構(gòu)的兩大主流技術(shù)。這樣就大大簡化了客戶端電腦載荷，減輕了系統(tǒng)維護與升級的成本和工作量，降低了用戶的總體成本 (TCO)。 傳統(tǒng)的 C/S體系結(jié)構(gòu)雖然采用的是開放模式，但這只是系統(tǒng)開發(fā)一級的開放性，在特定的應(yīng)用中無論是 Client 端還是 Server 端都還需要特定的軟件支持。 三層的 Browser/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)具有許多傳統(tǒng) Client/Server 體系結(jié)構(gòu)不具備的優(yōu)點，而且又緊密的結(jié)合了 Inter/Intra 技術(shù)，是技術(shù)發(fā)展的大勢所趨，它把應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)帶入了一個嶄新的發(fā)展時代。 使用簡單，界面友好： Client/Server 用戶的界面是由客戶端軟件所決定的，其使用的方法和界面各不相同，每推廣一個 Client/Server 系統(tǒng)都要求用戶從頭學(xué)起，難以使用。 這種結(jié)構(gòu)不僅把客戶機從沉重的負擔(dān)和不斷對其提高的性能的要求中解放出來，也把技術(shù)維護人員從繁重的維護升級工作中解脫出來。 第二層 功能層：具有應(yīng)用程序擴展功能的 Web 服務(wù)器。這種結(jié)構(gòu)即被稱為 B/S 體系結(jié)構(gòu)。有的 Inter 節(jié)點一方面提供服務(wù)，另一方面也從別的節(jié)點處獲得服務(wù)；甚至在一次對話過程中，雙方的角色也可能互換。采用這種結(jié)構(gòu)能綜合各種計算機協(xié)同工作，各盡其能，實現(xiàn)對計算機系統(tǒng)的規(guī)模優(yōu)化（ Rightsizing）和規(guī)?？s小化 (Downsizing)。 指導(dǎo)教師評語： 簽名： （手寫簽名 ） 2020 年 2 月 18 日 注： 請將該封面與附件裝訂成冊。 客戶 /服務(wù)器（ Client/Server）模型是一種良好的軟件體系結(jié)構(gòu)，是網(wǎng)絡(luò)的最佳應(yīng)用模式之一。為了能夠提供服務(wù)，服務(wù)器一方必須具有一定的硬件和相應(yīng)的服務(wù)器軟件；同樣，客戶一方也必須具有一定的硬件和相應(yīng)的客戶軟件。因此其結(jié)構(gòu)就變成了新的 (Client 應(yīng)用+Server 應(yīng)用 )/Server 結(jié)構(gòu)。 在 Browser/Server 三層體系結(jié)構(gòu)下，表示層 (Presentatioon)、功能層 (Business Logic)、數(shù)據(jù)層 (Data Service)被割成三個相對獨立的單元： 第一層 表示層： Web 瀏覽器。它的任務(wù)是接受Web 服務(wù)器對數(shù)據(jù)庫操縱的請求，實現(xiàn)對數(shù)據(jù)庫查詢、修改、更新等功能，把運行結(jié)果提交給 Web 服務(wù)器。 Browser/Server 所采用的標準都是開放的、非專用的，是經(jīng)過標準化組織所確定的而非單一廠商所制定，保證了其應(yīng)用的通用性和跨平臺性。 Browser/Server 系統(tǒng)的三部分模塊各自相對獨立，其中一部分模塊改變時其它模塊不受影響，系統(tǒng)改進變得非常容易，且可以用不同廠家的產(chǎn)品來組成性能更佳的系統(tǒng)。它是軟件系統(tǒng)體系結(jié)構(gòu)，通過它可以充分利用兩端硬件環(huán)境的優(yōu)勢，將任務(wù)合理分配到 Client 端和Server 端來實現(xiàn)，降低了系統(tǒng)的通訊開銷。 B/S(Browser/Server)結(jié)構(gòu)即瀏覽器和服務(wù)器結(jié)構(gòu)。 (3) 管理軟件主流技術(shù)。二者可分別稱為前臺程序與后臺程序。 (3) C/S 架構(gòu)的劣勢是高昂的維護成本且投資大。所以客戶機越來越“瘦”，而服務(wù)器越來越“胖”是將來信息化發(fā)展的主流方向。 (3) 應(yīng)用服務(wù)器運行數(shù)據(jù)負荷較重。s task is to suggest by Web browser to the certain a Web server on work that service is asked , after verifying for user identity, Web server delivers needed homepage with HTTP agreement to customer end, client puter accept the homepage file that passed , and show it in Web browser on. Second layer function layer: Have the Web server of the application function of program extension. In function layer contain the systematic handling of general affairs logic, locate in Web server end. It39。 Customer application program operation can be called as customer puter on the own puter of user, in correspondence with database server, when needs carry out any operation for the data in database, customer program seeks server program voluntarily , and sends request to it, server program is regular as basis intends to make to reply, send to return result, application server operation data load is lighter. (2) Data store management function relatively transparent. In database application data store management function, is carried out respectively independently by server program and customer application program , is regular as proscenium application can violate , and usually those different( no matter is have known still unknown ) operations data, in server program, do not concentrate realization, for instance visit limits of authority, serial number can be repeated , must have customer talent establishment the rule order. It is these to own , for the last user that works on proscenium program is transparent , they need not be interest in ( can not usually also interfere ) the course of behind, can plete own all work. In the application of customer server configuration proscenium program not is very thin , troublesome matter is delivered to server and work. In the system of C/S take off , database can not bee public really , professionally more petent storehouse, it gets independent special management. (3) The inferior position of the configuration of C/S is high maintenance cost make investment just big. First, with the configuration of C/S, will select proper database platform to realize the genuine unification of database data, make the data synchronism that spreads in two lands plete deliver by database system go to manage, but the logically two operators of land will directly visit a same database to realize efficiently , have so some problems, if needs establishment the data synchronism of real time , the database server that must establish real time munication connection between two places and maintains two lands is online to run , work management staff will again want to defend and manage for customer end as server defends management , maintenance and plex tech support and the investment of this high needs have very high cost, maintenance task is measured. Secondly, the software of the structure of C/S of tradition need to develop the software of different edition according to the different system of operating system , is very rapid because of the renovation of product, price is working needs high with inefficient already do not meet. In JAVA step platform language appearance after, the configuration of B/S is more vigorous impact C/S , and forms threat and challenge for it. . The advantage of B/S configuration software (1) The Maintenance of inferior position and upgrading way are simple. Now upgrading and the improvement of software system more and more frequently, the product of the configuration of B/S embodies more convenient property obviously. For one a little a little bit big unit , if systematic administrator needs , between hundreds of 1000 even last puters round trip run , efficiency and workload is to can imagine, but the configuration of B/S software needs management server hav