fdi在發(fā)展中國(guó)家的決定因素分析外文翻譯-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 例如：當(dāng)我們了解了 X國(guó) 的總資本形成指標(biāo)，我們就可以得出這樣的結(jié)論，這個(gè)國(guó)家可以通過(guò)制定相關(guān)的政 策來(lái)鼓勵(lì)投資品的進(jìn)口以代替其消費(fèi)品的進(jìn)口；國(guó)家 Y 可以通過(guò)引入開(kāi)放度指標(biāo)來(lái)改善其國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易政策；或者， Z 國(guó)可以通過(guò)審視其外債規(guī)模，從而改善有生產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域反映出來(lái)的一些資源利用相關(guān)政策，以彌補(bǔ)其外債帶來(lái)的負(fù)面影響。 T 表示時(shí)期數(shù)， N 表示每一時(shí)期的觀察值。在這方面， Morck and Yeung（ 1991）推測(cè)并證實(shí)了當(dāng)一個(gè)擴(kuò)張型企業(yè)擁有無(wú)形資產(chǎn)，例如優(yōu)越的生產(chǎn)和管理技能，市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)和消費(fèi)者需求， FDI 就會(huì)創(chuàng)造財(cái)富?；谝粋€(gè)由 85 個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家構(gòu)成的樣本顯示，外國(guó)資本替代了國(guó)內(nèi)儲(chǔ)蓄。 因此 ,內(nèi)生增長(zhǎng)理論表明 外國(guó)直接投 資在增長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中有一個(gè)被新認(rèn)知的潛在的作用（ BendeNabende and Ford， 1998） 。因此，在這個(gè)新的框架內(nèi)建立的模型為研究外國(guó)直接投資與 GDP增長(zhǎng)率的相關(guān)性而刻畫(huà)了一個(gè)有趣的背景（ Calvo and Robles， 2020）。 重要的問(wèn)題是 “ 為什么公司 要 在海外 進(jìn)行 投資 ？”杜寧（ 1993） ，他通過(guò)整合前人提出的理論發(fā)展了自己的觀點(diǎn) ,因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)有的解釋不能完全的證明 FDI 的存在。它也可能是導(dǎo)致了國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的最重要因素之一。 方法：本文基于 24 個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家 1983 至 2020 年期間面板數(shù)據(jù)研究了外國(guó)直接投資的決定因素對(duì) FDI 引入的影響程度。D) or through its impact on human capital. Even if the return on investment is declining, FDI may influence growth through externalities. Particularly, FDI displaces domestic savings (Papanek, 1973。 therefore, these two mechanisms reinforce each other. The trade effects of FDI depend on whether it is undertaken to gain access to natural resources, to consumer markets or whether the FDI is aimed at exploiting locational parative advantage or other strategic assets such as research and development capabilities. Most developing countries lack technology capability and FDI to facilitate technology transfer and reduce the technology gap (TGAP) between developing countries and developed countries. In fact, it is suggested that spillovers or the external effects from FDI are the most significant channels for the dissemination of modern technology (Blomstrom, 1989). FDI has innumerable other effects on the host country39。D and tax have been found to have both negative and positive effects on FDI. Chakrabarti (2020) concludes that “the relation between FDI and many of the controversial variables (namely, tax, wages, openness, exchange rate, tariffs, growth and trade balance) are highly sensitive to small alterations in the conditioning information set”. The important question is “Why do panies invest abroad?” Dunning (1993) developed his theory by synthesizing the previously published theories, because existing explanations could not fully justify the existence of FDI. According to Dunning, international production is the result of a process affected by ownership, internalization and localization advantages. The latter is the most important: the factors based on which an investor selects a location for a project. These include the factors affecting the availability of local inputs such as natural resources, the size of the market, geographical location, the position of the economy, the cultural and political environment, factor prices, transport costs and certain elements of the economic policy of the government (trade policy, industrial policy, budget policy, tax policy, etc.). determinants of FDI: theory and evidence FDI has been regarded in the last decades as an effective channel to transfer technology and foster growth in developing countries. This point of view vividly contrasts with the mon belief that was accepted in some academic and political spheres in the 1950s and 1960s, according to which FDI was harmful for the economic performance of less developed countries. The theoretical discussion that permeated part of the development economics of the second half of the twentieth century has been approached from a new angle on the light of the New Growth Theory. Thus, the models built in this novel framework provide an interesting background in order to study the correlation between FDI and the growth r
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