【正文】 給水排水， 1999， 25(3)：27~30。 [15] 黃伏根，朱炳林。 [12] 吳昊，劉慶臣，李強(qiáng)利等。昆明第一污水廠氧化溝工藝運(yùn)行實(shí)踐及分析。導(dǎo)管式氧化溝設(shè)計(jì)介紹。Three is to used the advanced spirit controller QUTE.( it adopt the much aer kind of changing the deal control mode)f our is to adopt the integral whole turn the design, starting from the center, Including below wreath form consecuuon craft the well of waterwiththecent watermachine thatused for the liveand dirty mire in reflux。1f discover the dirty mire is corrupt, should enlargement tolerance, the clearance accumulates the mire, and try the ameliorative pond internal water dint term!39。At the same time, the ammonia were too oxidized nitrate with second nitrate, this time, mix with the liquid be placed in the oxygen the spirit machine downstream, after water current be bee by the swift flow appearance of the spirit District oP even flow the appearance, the water current maintainsin theminim umcurrentvelocity,guaranteeingthe liveand dirty mire be placed in the floats the appearance.( average current msl s)Oxldlze microbially the process consumed to fuse theoxygenin thewater,until thevalueofDOdeclinesforzero, mixing with the liquid report the anoxia nitric that turn the function through anoxia area, mix with the liquid enter to have the oxygen area, pleting once system inside, the BOD declines the solution is a continuous process, the nitric turns the function to turn with the versa nitric ~e function ta ke place in same of structural restrict, this kind of oxidize the ditch although can then valid whereabouts BOD, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogenous ability ltmrtedt. The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphorus takes off the nitrogenous influence factor. Affecting the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphoric factor is dirty mire, nitrate density and quality densities research expresses, being total and dirty mire as 11% that a hour biggest phosphorus 4% with deal is its fuck dirty mire deal within live and dirty mire, keep for the the germ physical endowment measures, but when dirty mire over 15 d hour dirty mire the Inside is biggesttocontain theobviousdescentindealIn phosphorus,canning not reach the biggest divideding by the result of phosphorus on the , prolong persistently the dirty mire (for example 20ds,25ds,30ds) is to have no necessary, proper choose to use within the scope of 8~ 15 the same time, high nitrate density with low quality density disadvantage in divided by the process of phosphorus . 4. The Carrousel oxidizes problem and solution methods of the ditch esse. Though the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch has a water fluid matter good, the antipounds at the burthen ability strong, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogen efficiency. But, in physically of movement process, still exstts a series of problem. Dirty mire inflation problem When discard the aquatic carbohydrate more, the N, P contains the unbalance of deal, the pH value is low, oxidizing the dirty mire in inside in ditch carries high, fuse the oxygen density the shortage, line up the mire not etc. causes easily dirty mire in germ in form in silk inflatlon。中國(guó)給水排水， 2020， 19(12)： 101~102。 [14] 李偉民，鄧榮森，王濤等。 [11] 潘玲，徐得潛，張樂(lè)英。 [6] Dudley, J. Process testing of aerators in oxidation ditches. Water Research, 1995,29(9):2217~2219. [7] Stamou, Anastasios T. Modeling of oxidation ditches using an open channel flow 1D advection dispersion equation and ASMI process description. Water Science and Technology, 1997,36(5):269~276. [8] Abusam, A.。水處理新技術(shù)及工程設(shè)計(jì) [M]。例如在氧 化溝中投加 EM專一菌種、投入鐵鹽使微生物馴化成生物鐵、投入活性炭增強(qiáng)菌膠團(tuán)的形成并提高耐毒性沖擊等。這之外是有三個(gè)曝氣器和一個(gè)預(yù)反硝化池的 Carrousel 2020系統(tǒng)（如圖 2 所示）。根據(jù)目前鼓風(fēng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠家的技術(shù)能力，池的有效水深最大可達(dá) 8m，因此可根據(jù)不同的工藝要求選取合適的水深。上游導(dǎo)流板安裝在距轉(zhuǎn)盤(pán)（轉(zhuǎn)刷）軸心 （上游），導(dǎo)流板高度為水深的 1/5~1/6，并垂直于水面安裝；下游導(dǎo)流板安裝在距轉(zhuǎn)盤(pán)（轉(zhuǎn)刷）軸心 。 污泥上浮問(wèn)題 當(dāng)廢水中含油量過(guò)大，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)泥質(zhì)變輕，在操作過(guò)程中不能很好控制其在二沉池的停留時(shí)間，易造成缺氧，產(chǎn)生腐化污泥上??；當(dāng)曝 氣時(shí)間過(guò)長(zhǎng)，在池中發(fā)生高度硝化作用，使硝酸鹽濃度高，在二沉池易發(fā)生反硝化作用，產(chǎn)生氮?dú)猓刮勰嗌细?；另外，廢水中含油量過(guò)大，污泥可能挾油上浮。微生物的負(fù)荷高，細(xì)菌吸取了大量營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，由于溫度低，代謝速度較慢，積貯起大量高粘性的多糖類物質(zhì)，使活性污泥的表面附著水大大增加， SVI值很高，形成污泥膨脹。由于結(jié)構(gòu)的限制，這種氧化溝雖然可以有效的去處 BOD，但除磷脫氮的能力有限[7]。氧化溝曝氣混合設(shè)備有表面曝氣機(jī)、曝氣轉(zhuǎn)刷或轉(zhuǎn)盤(pán)、射流曝氣器、導(dǎo)管式曝氣器和提升管式曝氣機(jī)等，近年來(lái)配合使用的還有水下推動(dòng)器 [4~6]。這些氧化溝由于在結(jié)構(gòu)和運(yùn)行上存在差異，因此各具特點(diǎn) [2]。 外 文 翻 譯 （ 2020屆） 氧化溝工藝在污水處理中的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展 學(xué)生姓名 周 同 學(xué) 學(xué) 號(hào) 08083137 學(xué) 院 生命科學(xué)學(xué)院 專業(yè)班級(jí) 環(huán)境科學(xué) 081 指導(dǎo)教師 黃 ** 教授 填寫(xiě)日期 2020 年 12 月 20 日 氧化溝工藝在污水處理中的應(yīng)用與發(fā)展 蔡智君 佛山市順德區(qū)亮科環(huán)保工程有限公司 廣東 佛山 52800 摘要： 本文主要闡述了 Carrousel 氧化溝的結(jié)構(gòu)、工藝機(jī)理、運(yùn)行過(guò)程中存在的 問(wèn)題和相應(yīng)的解決方法。本文將主要介紹 Carrousel氧化溝的結(jié)構(gòu)、機(jī)理、存在的問(wèn)題及其最新發(fā)展。 3. Carrousel氧化溝的機(jī)理 Carrousel氧化溝處理污水的原理 最初的普通 Carrousel氧化溝的工藝中污水直接與回流污泥一起進(jìn)入氧化溝系統(tǒng)。 Carrousel氧化溝除磷脫氮的影響因素 影響 Carrousel氧化溝除磷的因素主要是污泥齡、硝酸鹽濃度及基質(zhì)濃度。 針對(duì)污泥膨脹的起因，可采取不同對(duì)策：由缺氧 、水溫高造成的，可加大曝氣量或降低進(jìn)水量以減輕負(fù)荷，或適當(dāng)降低 MLSS（控制污泥回流量），使需氧量減少；如污泥負(fù)荷過(guò)高，可提高 MLSS，以調(diào)整負(fù)荷，必要時(shí)可停止進(jìn)水，悶曝一段時(shí)間；可通過(guò)投加氮肥、磷肥，調(diào)整混合液中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)平衡（ BOD5： N： P=100： 5： 1）； pH值過(guò)低，可投加石灰調(diào)節(jié)；漂白粉和液氯（按干污泥的 %~%投加），能抑制絲狀菌繁殖，控制結(jié)合水性污泥膨脹[11]。 發(fā)生污泥上浮后應(yīng)暫停進(jìn)水，打碎或清除污泥，判明原因，調(diào)整操作。導(dǎo)流板的材料可以用金屬或玻璃鋼，但以玻璃鋼為佳。傳統(tǒng)氧化溝的推流是利用轉(zhuǎn)刷、轉(zhuǎn)碟或倒傘型表曝機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)的，其設(shè)備利用率低、動(dòng)力消耗大。五是圓形一體化的設(shè)計(jì)使得氧化溝不需額外的管線，即可實(shí)現(xiàn)回流污泥在不同工藝單元間 的分配 [17]。 3 提高 Carrousel氧化溝設(shè)備性能和監(jiān)控技術(shù)。北京化學(xué)工業(yè)出版社， 2020。 Keesman, .。氧化溝活性污泥膨脹原因及控制措施。水下推動(dòng)器對(duì)