【正文】
低鈣粉煤灰在頭幾天的水化程度并不明顯,所產(chǎn)生的水化熱僅及水泥的 一半。當(dāng)相對(duì)濕度在 25%以下或者接近 100%,即混凝土在充分干燥或水飽和的場(chǎng)合,混凝土都不易產(chǎn)生碳化收縮。 天齡期以前,混凝土的強(qiáng)度較低,其相應(yīng)齡期的徐變應(yīng)變也較普通混凝土的大,然而與普通混凝土等強(qiáng)度的粉煤灰混凝土在此后所有齡期的徐變均小于普通混凝土。與鋼筋的握裹力,粉煤灰混凝土的 28d粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度基本與等標(biāo)號(hào)的基準(zhǔn)混凝土相同,但粉煤灰混凝土的均勻 性好,粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度試驗(yàn)值的離散性比基準(zhǔn)混凝土好 粉煤灰的二次水化反應(yīng)一般在混凝土澆筑 14d以后才開(kāi)始進(jìn)行,在溫度低時(shí),該反應(yīng)所需的時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。 .粉煤灰混凝土的性能 粉煤灰對(duì)混凝土性能的改變可分為三個(gè)階段: 1 .新拌混凝土階段 : 影響混凝土的凝結(jié)時(shí)間,改善和易性,改變流變性質(zhì),提高可泵性等; 2 .硬化中的混凝土階段 : 調(diào)節(jié)硬化過(guò)程,降低水化熱; 3 .硬化后的混凝土 階段 : 提高后期強(qiáng)度,提高各項(xiàng)耐久性,如抗?jié)B性、抗硫酸鹽侵蝕性,抑制堿 —集料反應(yīng)等。在現(xiàn)代混凝土中,粉煤灰已經(jīng)與水泥、集料、 水、外加劑同樣重要,成為混凝土中的一個(gè)組分。 late the course of hardenning, reduce the heat of hydration。 fly ash and water result of AI2O3 and cement react in a situation that there is water, producing water silicic acid calcium (CSH ) and water sour calcium (CASH ) of sulphur aluminium, these responses nearly all go on in the grout hole, water that produce result pack , cut apart the heavy original hole , make the hole thinning, can reduce the hole rate within the concrete , change the hole structure , improve glueing the function of forming of concrete every ponent part 。 On the other hand, fly ash 2 responses turn into the hyrate with Ca (OH), raise closely knit degree of the concrete, increase the impermeability of the concrete and obstruction spread to the chlorine ion, hinder and prevent the invasion of CO2, can shield the reinforcing bar , so fly ash is mixed, in preventing the reinforcing bar corrosion, can offset because alkali degree reduce adverse effect that bring. The fly ash is on certain range (FA≤ 24% ) of mixing amount, have not influenced the reinforcing bar corrosion basically, even superior to the blank concrete. But if the mixing amount of the fly ash is greater than 30%, the carbonization of the concrete can make hydrogen ion index of the concrete dropped to about from , under so low a hydrogen ion index condition, the reinforcing bar is no longer passivated. Reach reinforcing bar position by depth as carbonization, plete carbonization , on terms that water and oxygen are permeated antiabrasion layer, reinforcing bar can take place but corrosion lead to the fact fracture of the concrete even destroy. calcium fly ash water in the first several days obvious degree have, heat of hydration produced only and half of cement. Replace 20% of the cement with fly ash in the concrete , can make the heat of hydration of concrete 7d drop by 11% . 128d in the issue, roughly for mix percentage of fly ash, Sheng Wen and percentage that heat of hydration reduce age. Fly ash is it can make heat of hydration time that peak appear is it appear to 3d to delay generally to mix among large volume concrete, can prevent the concrete from producing the temperature crack effectively . 粉煤灰高性能混凝土的工程 應(yīng)用 [摘要] 本文對(duì)粉煤灰高性能混凝土的各項(xiàng)性能作了詳細(xì)的研究,并針對(duì)粉煤灰的摻入量對(duì)混凝土各種性能的影響以及粉煤灰混凝土在施工中應(yīng)注意的一些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了分析和探討。在混凝土中摻加粉煤灰,應(yīng)對(duì)粉煤灰的功能作全面的認(rèn)識(shí),由原來(lái)對(duì)粉煤灰的 “火山灰反應(yīng) ”及 “經(jīng)濟(jì)組分 ”的概念,擴(kuò)展到 “粉煤灰效應(yīng) ”的技術(shù)意識(shí),使得粉煤灰功能能夠更好地服務(wù)于混凝土的性能改善和質(zhì)量提高。同時(shí),粉煤灰的摻入可分散水泥顆粒,使水泥水化更充分,提高水泥漿的密實(shí)度,使混凝土中骨料與水泥漿的界面強(qiáng)度提高。粉煤灰混凝土的干縮也隨粉煤灰摻量的提高而降低。粉煤灰混凝土的碳化深度隨水灰比及粉煤灰摻量的增加而有所增加。但是若粉煤灰的摻量大于 30%,混凝土的 碳化可使混凝土的 PH值由 ,在這樣低的 PH值條件下,鋼筋不再鈍化。在大體積混凝土中粉煤灰的摻入一般可使水化熱峰出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間延緩至 3d以后才出現(xiàn),可以有效防止混凝土產(chǎn)生溫度裂縫。在混凝土中摻加粉煤灰,一方面會(huì)消耗 Ca( OH) 2 ,降低混凝土的堿環(huán)境;另一方面,粉煤灰又與 Ca( OH) 2反應(yīng)生成水化物,提高混凝土的密實(shí)度,增加混凝土的不透水性和對(duì)氯離子擴(kuò)散的阻力,阻礙和防止 CO2的侵入,可對(duì)鋼筋起保護(hù)作用,所以粉煤 灰的摻入,在防止鋼筋銹蝕方面,可以抵消因堿度降低帶來(lái)的不利影響。特別在水化早期,粉煤灰火山灰反應(yīng)程度低,粉煤灰 水泥體系孔結(jié)構(gòu)疏松, CO O水分等入侵阻力小,因此碳化深度較 大。 和易性 粉煤灰對(duì)混凝土和易性的改善作用有以下幾點(diǎn): ⑴ .優(yōu)質(zhì)粉煤灰中含有