【正文】 trans. 1862), a novel containing elements of autobiography and discussing contemporary revolutionary ideas, is considered his best work. He also published essays and reviews and several theoretical works, including Vorschule der A168。所以他很可能花很少的時(shí)間休息，而不是很多。 人要想快樂(lè)，首先必須感到自由，其次，必須感到自己重要。做錯(cuò)了事就產(chǎn)生這種可怕的、發(fā)自?xún)?nèi)心的感覺(jué)。 20. If guilt is a struggle between our acceptance of shoulds and should nots, it is a powerful and intensely human one. () If guilt represents the contradiction of our standard of behaviors, it is a good thing full of strength and humanness. 如果說(shuō)責(zé)任感是我們接受什么該做、什么不該做之間的斗爭(zhēng)，這個(gè)斗爭(zhēng)是強(qiáng)大的、充滿人性的斗爭(zhēng)。 book jackets 皮書(shū)套 Here it refers to the method of writing books in psychological therapy. couch A sofa on which a patient lies while undergoing psychoanalysis or psychiatric treatment. Here it represents the treating method that the psychologists talk to the patients in a very relaxed condition, which was widely used in traditional mental therapy. 6. There was a popular notion, in fact, that self love began by slaying one’ s guilt. () In past, it was monly thought that to love oneself, everyone should first give up his guilt. 其實(shí)以前就有個(gè)比較流行的看法，認(rèn)為欲愛(ài)己需先消滅內(nèi)疚感。 7. People all around us spent a great portion of the last decade trying to tune out guilt instead of decoding its message and learning what it was trying to tell us. () For the most part of the past ten years, people deliberately ignore the sense of guilt without understanding its meaning and significance. 我們周?chē)娜诉^(guò)去十年大部分時(shí)間一直想把內(nèi)疚感拋在腦后，而不去探究?jī)?nèi)疚的含意，不去從中悟出些什么。 21. This worst emotion, in a sense, helps bring out the best in us. The desire to avoid feeling guilty makes us avoid the worst sort of behavior.() In some aspect, the so called bad feeling reflects the best nature of human being. Just because we don’t want to feel guilty, we will not do bad things. 從某個(gè)角度講，這種最糟糕的情感烘托出人類(lèi)最美好的一面。這正如麥克白夫人滿腦子想的那個(gè)別人看不到的血點(diǎn)一樣??而且我們還不能四處張望。假如迫于社會(huì)壓力做自己不樂(lè)意做的事，或者樂(lè)于做的事被認(rèn)為一文不值，毫不重要，得不到社會(huì)的承認(rèn)，那么這樣的人是不可能真正快樂(lè)的。對(duì)勞動(dòng)者而言恰恰相反，休閑意味著擺脫了羈絆，他總盼著少干多玩，工作時(shí)間越短越好，這種想法也在情理之中。sthetik (School of Aesthetics, 1804), on poetry, and Levana (1807。 trans. 1865). Titan (4 volumes, 1800 1803。對(duì)工作者而言，休閑不過(guò)是放松休息幾個(gè)小時(shí)，為的是工作起來(lái)效率更高。然而，我們必須對(duì)以 下兩種觀點(diǎn)加以區(qū)分：一種認(rèn)為我們所有人都應(yīng)該為諸如貧困或種族主義感到內(nèi)疚；另一種則斷言受壓迫者是“命里注定”。 while the other hadn’t chatted with her mother since Christmas. This best illustrates that people may have “wildly different” sense of duty and guilt. (6) Sense of guilt, as well as the sense of duty, can urge us to do the right thing when we may not feel like to do. In that way, sense of guilt is the great civilizer of our basic conscience and the maintainer of our behavior. (7) Because the young people in the sixties in America, also known as the baby boomers and the Beat Generation, were the generation born after the World War Ⅱ , who were very rebellious to the old traditional moral system by calling for living at their own will and who outnumbered their father generation, so there was a declination in traditional morality (“the barbarians took Rome”) in that period of time. But in the 1980s, when the article was written, the number of adults grew bigger, and they were trying to restore some old mores. That’s the exact reason why “guilt is ing back.” (8) You can either change the opinion of a perfect image so that you’ll feel less guilty when failing to achieve something, or to change the behavior in a way that is more accordant to your right conscience. 2. Vocabulary (1) assortment(2) narcissistic(3) obsessively(4) slaying (5) legion(6) instilled(7) ingrained(8) hustled (9) stampede(10) qualms 3. Paraphrase (1) But then it came to my mind that people have given up guilt for too long a time. During that period of time of about ten years or more, those wele psychologists solved people’s mental problems by writing books instead of giving clinical treatment. And they are trying to advocate the concept that nobody should feel guilty for anything. (2) In the past, it was monly thought that to love himself, everyone should first give up his guilt. For the most part of the past ten years, people deliberately ignored the sense of guilt without understanding its meaning and significance. (3) What’s more, we would never be one of those who give up their guilt while being more and more deteriorated in excessive admiration of themselves. (4) There are people who are tortured by unreasonable guilt. Of course we are not willing to be one of them or guide our children to be one of them. (5) In such a changeable world, our sense of duty is very likely to change our feeling. Now an old concept may conflict with a new one on what we should do. There is a great difference between our belief and the education we got, and that difference results in the sense of guilt. (6) If guilt represents the contradiction of our standards of behavior, it is a good thing full of strength and humanness. (7) In some aspect, the so called bad feeling reflects the best nature of human being. Because we don’t want to feel guilty, we will not do bad things. (8) In that aspect, guilt can make us civilized and force us by conscience to be good people instead of putting ourselves in the first place urgently. 4. Cloze (2) responsibility(3) reason(4) triggered(5) anxiety(6) mitted(7) criticism(8) empathy(9) develop(10) violates(11) value(12) against(13) fulfill(14) generally(15) failing(16) intended(17) biochemical (18) judged(19) since(20) nature5. Translation A. Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. (1) 究其最深層最徹底的含義，內(nèi)疚感是我們心中一個(gè)渴望被捕獲的罪犯。過(guò)去所受的教育和今天的認(rèn)識(shí)之間有很大差距，由此也生出各種內(nèi)疚感。 3. I give up guilt for Lent. () I give up guilt in order to be a better person. give up sth. for Lent to get rid of sth. (usually a bad habit) for the sake of better morality 4. But then it occurred to me that this particular Lent has been too lengthy. () But then it came to my mind that p