外文翻譯---軟土質(zhì)條件下管樁施工的技術(shù)措施-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 6 Soft soil conditions of the technical measures pipe construction Abstract The highstrength prestressed concrete pile (PHC) with its high strength concrete pile, wide adaptability and good impact resistance, peration, with high capacity, flexural cracking performance, construction of fast, convenient stable and reliable quality, durability, etc., and is widely used in highrise building foundation. This paper discusses the technical measures in the pipe construction. Key words: pile construction。由此，可以給超孔隙水壓力分散提供盡量長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間，避免其累積疊加，減小擠土影響。如果表層或者接近表層的土質(zhì)物理力學(xué)性能較差，樁機(jī)行走和施工時(shí)容易沉陷，不僅不利于施工，而且，表層的深陷導(dǎo)致深層土體的位移、周邊土體的隆起，容易引起管樁偏差、傾斜，甚 5 至樁身斷裂。千斤頂推（拉）力不應(yīng)大于單樁水平承 載力。 4）坡區(qū)及坡頂內(nèi)外側(cè) 3 米范圍內(nèi)，管樁內(nèi)放入 6 米長(zhǎng) 6Φ14 的鋼筋籠，箍筋為 Φ6300，鋼筋籠頂標(biāo)高位于樁頂以下 1米處，在鋼筋籠范圍內(nèi)灌入 C20微膨脹混凝土。開(kāi)挖前，要先對(duì)露出表面的樁進(jìn)行截除；開(kāi)挖過(guò)程中，應(yīng)根據(jù)挖土流程分段截除。 3 操作要點(diǎn) 挖土部署 1）軟土地區(qū)預(yù)應(yīng)力管樁基礎(chǔ)置換率一般為 4％左右，土方開(kāi)挖前應(yīng)切實(shí)的了解以下情況，根據(jù)它來(lái)編制挖土施工方案，明確挖土部署和技術(shù)措施： a場(chǎng)地地質(zhì)情況， b周邊鄰近建（構(gòu)）筑物及需保護(hù)管線(xiàn)情況， c圍護(hù)設(shè)計(jì)， d樁長(zhǎng)、樁間距、置換率等樁基設(shè)計(jì)情況， e打樁順序、壓樁記錄等樁基施工情況。因此，我們必須針對(duì)軟土的地質(zhì)特點(diǎn)，在管樁施工、土方開(kāi)挖方面采取有效的技術(shù)措施，保證樁基質(zhì)量和挖土進(jìn)度。 關(guān)鍵詞 ： 管樁施工 技術(shù)操作 樁基處理 1 引言 目前，高強(qiáng)度預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土管樁已經(jīng)被應(yīng)用于房屋建筑和橋梁、碼頭和其他項(xiàng)目工程中。管樁自身的抗壓強(qiáng)度較高，但是抗彎強(qiáng)度較低，不同土層間的水平力的作用容易引起樁身斷裂。 3）禁止邊壓樁邊開(kāi)挖，開(kāi)挖和樁基全部完成間隔時(shí)間應(yīng)該超過(guò) 15天（鉆打法10天以上）。 2）禁止挖機(jī)碰撞樁身。 b應(yīng)力釋放孔，直徑 400，均勻布置，深度 10m左右或?yàn)闃堕L(zhǎng)的 。 2）打進(jìn)管樁時(shí)的擠土作用會(huì)使附近已經(jīng)打好的樁和原有建筑物或周?chē)渌O(shè)施產(chǎn)生破壞。 b 樁基置換率超過(guò) 4％時(shí)可以用預(yù)鉆孔沉樁，孔徑大約比樁徑小 50～100mm，深度根據(jù)樁距和土的密實(shí)度、滲透性來(lái)定，深度宜為樁長(zhǎng)的 1/3～ 1/2（不超過(guò) 12m），施工時(shí)應(yīng)隨鉆隨打。當(dāng)出現(xiàn)邊坡水平位移超過(guò)警戒值，要立即停止相應(yīng)范圍內(nèi)的土方開(kāi)挖，必要時(shí)采 用回填或者設(shè)置臨時(shí)支撐松木樁鋼板樁加固，控制變形的發(fā)展。 excavation process, the process should be based on subexcavation cut off. 6) Digging machines, vehicles should be chosen to avoid using large equipment. Should try to choose a small digging machines, such as PC100 below. Vehicles to avoid the use of earth pit 10t cart. Technical measures digging 1) Excavation should be carried out layer by layer evenly, on both sides of the soil pile height shall not exceed 1m. 2) Collision against digging machine shaft. Mechanical excavation to the top of the pile 1m 30cm on both sides of the pile with the soil excavated. 3) Digging machines, moving vehicles, routes and both sides of the pile, as the case should be taken to spray anchor, paving the way for the base box, pond residue, such as for soil reinforcement. 4) Top of the hill slope areas and within 3 meters inside and outside, into the 6meter long pipe 6Φ14 within the reinforcement cage, stirrup to Φ6 300, top elevation of the reinforcement cage is located at 1 m below top of the pile, the reinforcement cage within 9 the irrigation C20 microexpansion into the concrete. 5) Soft and hard layer at the junction of the venue up and down elevation range of 2m, but also take concrete irrigation pipe within the reinforcement measures. 6) To reduce static piling of the squeezing effect on the impact of excavation, the choice of the following measures: a set of sand bags or plastic drain well to remove part of the excess pore water pressure, reduce soil
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