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例如: on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning 等。 3. 并列連詞 and, but, or, so 等的主要用法; 4. 常用的從屬連詞的基本用法 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 1. 介詞的功能 介詞是一種虛詞,用來表示名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的其它詞語句中其它詞的關(guān)系,不能單獨(dú)使用。s / one another39。 Michael has two sons. Both are clever. I don39。在句中作主語、表語、賓語、同位語和定語。 I39。常與 some 搭配構(gòu)成 “some ...., others ...”句型。m going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is only a little milk in the glass. He has few friends. They had little money with them. 2) a little 和 little 也可以用作副詞, a little 表示 “有點(diǎn),稍微 ”, little表示 “很少 ”。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. . Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2) any 多用于疑問句、條件句和否定句中,表示 “一些,任何 ”用作形容詞時(shí),后面可以接 ① 不可數(shù)名詞 +單數(shù)動(dòng)詞; ② 可數(shù)名詞 +復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。 反身代詞可以在句中作賓語,表語,同位語。例如: Our teacher is ing to see us. This is her pencilbox. 3. 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞,在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。 。 ( 4)表示年,月,日時(shí), 年用基數(shù)詞表示,日用序數(shù)詞表示。 1. 基數(shù)詞的用法 (1) 基數(shù)詞在句中主要用作主語、賓語、定語、表語、同位語,例如: Thirty of them are Party members.(主語) How many would you like? Three , please.(作賓語) The nine boys are from Tianjing.(定語) Six plus four is ten.(表語) We four will go with you.(同位語) (2) 表示一個(gè)具體數(shù)字時(shí), hundred, thousand, million 一律不用復(fù)數(shù);在表示一個(gè)不確定數(shù)字時(shí)則用復(fù)數(shù)。 (2) 名詞前已有作定語用的 this, that, my, your, whose, some, any, no, each, every 等代詞時(shí),不用冠詞。例如: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. (5) 用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)之前。 1. 不定冠詞的用法 (1) a 和 an 均用在單數(shù)名詞之前,表示某一類人或事物。 Do you know how to use the puter? Shall we use your car? (7)reach, get 和 arrive 的區(qū)別。作 “穿著 ”解時(shí),只用于穿衣服,不用于穿鞋、戴帽、戴手套。 Do you always carry a handbag? The box is heavy. Can you carry it? 4) get 是去某處將某物拿回來。 1) borrow 意 思為 “借入 ”,常常與 from 連用,是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,表示瞬間即能完成的動(dòng)作。 She told us an interesting story yesterday. My teacher told me that we would have an English exam the next month. (2) look, see, watch 和 watch 的用法。 5) go on to do 做了一件事后,接著做另一件事。 ( 5)用不帶 to不定式的情況 使役動(dòng)詞如: let, have, make等和感官動(dòng)詞如: see, watch, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作賓補(bǔ),省略 to。例如: The food tastes good. 對(duì)非謂語動(dòng)詞的考點(diǎn)是:感官動(dòng)詞后不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語和動(dòng)詞 ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的用法;一些特殊動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)不帶 to,但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)就要帶 to;有些動(dòng)詞既可接不定式也可接動(dòng) 詞 ing形式作賓語,但表達(dá)的意思不同。 We had already learned two thousands words by the end of last year. When we arrived at the station, they had waited for more than twenty minutes. ( 8)過去將來時(shí)的用法 過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在地狀態(tài),過去將來時(shí)較多地被運(yùn)用在賓語從句中。 They are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. 【注意】有些動(dòng)詞一般不可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) ①表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞,尤其是靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如: be, have ②表示認(rèn)識(shí)、知覺和情感的動(dòng)詞,如: know, think, hear, find, see, like, want, wish, prefer 等。 I will do my best to catch up with them. Shall I open the door? 4) be + going + 動(dòng)詞不定式。 The train es at 3 o39。 【名師點(diǎn)睛】 英語時(shí)態(tài)用共有十六種時(shí)態(tài),其中常用的有 8種,它們是:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)和過去將來時(shí)。 It’s most dangerous to be here. 在這兒太危險(xiǎn)。例如: On my way home, I met my uncle. The students there have a lot time to do their own research work. (3)部分常用副詞的用法 1) very, much 這兩個(gè)副詞都可表示 “很 ”,但用法不同。常見的程度副詞有:much, (a) little, a bit, very, so, too, enough, quite, rather, pretty, greatly, pletely, nearly, almost, deeply, hardly, partly 等。 Everybody, man and woman, old and young, should attend the meeting. You can take any box away, big or small. (4) the+形容詞表示一類人或物 The rich should help the poor. 2. 副詞的用法 (1) 副詞在句中可作狀語 ,表語和定語。 2021 屆中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)二:形容詞、副詞考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練 【考點(diǎn)直擊】 1. 形容詞的用法 。s and Mary39。s length, two pounds39。s shoes。t like winter because there39。但 German 不是合成詞,故復(fù)數(shù)形式為 Germans; man, woman 等作定語時(shí),它的單復(fù)數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定,如: men workers, women teachers。 ( 5)以 o 結(jié)尾的詞多數(shù)都加 es。2021 屆中考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)一:名詞考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練 【考點(diǎn)直擊】 1.可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的用法; 2.名詞所有格的構(gòu)成及用法; 3.近義名詞的辨析。例如 :hero→heroes ,potato→potatoes , tomato→tomatoes, 但詞末為兩個(gè)元音字母的詞只加 s。 有個(gè)別名詞單復(fù)數(shù)一樣,例如: Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer,fish 等。s too much snow and ice. ( 2)用 a piece of 這類定語,例如: a piece of paper a piece of wood a piece of bread a bottle of orange a glass of water( milk) a cup of tea a cup of tea a bag of rice three bags of rice 如果要表示 “兩杯茶 ”、 “四張紙 ”這類概念時(shí),在容器后加復(fù)數(shù),例如: two cups of tea four pieces of paper three glasses of water 不可數(shù)名詞也可用 a lot of, lots of, some, any, much 等來修飾。 2. 如其結(jié)尾不是 s 的復(fù)數(shù)形式仍加 39。 weight, ten dollars39。s rooms(約翰和瑪麗各有一間,共兩間); Tom39。 2. 副詞的用法 。 He studies very hard. (作狀語 ) Life here is full of joy. (作定語 ) When will you be back? (作表語 ) 副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類: 1)時(shí)間副詞 時(shí)間副詞通常用來表示動(dòng)作的時(shí)間。例如: Her pronunciation is very good. 情 況 讀法 例 詞 在 [p][t][k][f]等清輔音后 [s] cups, hats, cakes 在 [s][z][t][ ][F]等音后 [iz] glasses, pages, oranges, buses, watches,faces 在 [b][d][ ][v]等濁輔音后 [z] beds, dogs, cities, knives She sings quite well. I can hardly agree with you. 5)疑問副詞是用來引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句的副詞。 Very 用來修飾形容詞和副詞的原級(jí),而 much 用來修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)。 (3) The+形容詞比較級(jí) ..., the+形容詞比較級(jí) ...表示 越 ... 就越 ...。 ( 1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法 1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。clock. 6) 在時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。也是一種將來時(shí)句型,表示打算,計(jì)劃,最近 或?qū)硪鞯哪呈隆? ( 5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法 1) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示在說話之前已經(jīng)完成或剛完成的動(dòng)作。例如: They were going to have a meeting. I told him that I would see him off at the station. 語態(tài)有兩種:主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。這些都是歷年中考的重點(diǎn)。在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中則 to不能省掉。 go on doing 繼續(xù)做原來做的事。 1) look 強(qiáng)調(diào) “看 ”這個(gè)動(dòng)作,是不及物動(dòng)詞,常與 at 連用,然后接賓語。 Meimei borrowed a book from the library just now. May I borrow your dictionary? 2) lend 是 “借出 ”之意,常常與 to 連用,同 borrow 一樣,是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,只表示瞬間即能完成的動(dòng)作。 Please go to my office to get some chalk. There is no water in the bottle. Why not get some? (5) wear, put on 和 dress 的區(qū)別 1) wear 是 “穿著 ”“戴著 ”的意思,可以用于穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首飾等,強(qiáng)調(diào) “穿著 ”的狀態(tài)。作為及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí),它的賓語是人,不是衣服。 1) reach 是及物動(dòng)詞,后面要直接跟表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語。例如: John is a student. Mary is an English teacher. (2) 指某一類人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。例如: