【正文】 這就要求業(yè)主在工程管理過程中，應(yīng)當(dāng)盡量將工作做在前面，減少索賠事件的發(fā)生。再比如，在工程的全面展開時(shí)期，部分工程發(fā)生變更，施工單位對(duì)變更已完部分及等待圖紙時(shí)該部分的施工人員及機(jī)械要求索賠，此時(shí)，對(duì)于已完部分的索賠，應(yīng)該全部給付，其中包括成本和利潤，但對(duì)于停滯的人員和機(jī)械，由于正值施工旺季，完全可以先把此部分人員、機(jī)械調(diào)到別處使用，所應(yīng)賠付的應(yīng)該只是更換工作地點(diǎn)及工種的工效降低費(fèi)。合同在簽約前應(yīng)反復(fù)斟酌合同條款，注重合同文件文字的嚴(yán)密性，以防止在實(shí)施合同過程中因文字漏洞而造成索賠機(jī)會(huì)，從而導(dǎo)致額外投資。如設(shè)備、材料供應(yīng)商不按工程項(xiàng)目的施工進(jìn)度和設(shè)計(jì)要求按時(shí)按質(zhì)提供設(shè)備、材料，工程也就不能按業(yè)主的要求和設(shè)計(jì)的質(zhì)量規(guī)格以及有關(guān)規(guī)范要求進(jìn)行施工，從而影響工程項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的進(jìn)度和質(zhì)量，最終導(dǎo)致業(yè)主、總包方、分包方、設(shè)備材料供應(yīng)商相互間的索賠 。 2 工程索賠的發(fā)生原因 要程設(shè)計(jì)方面引起的索賠 由于施工圖紙中存在缺陷或錯(cuò)誤，施工圖與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際施工在地質(zhì)、環(huán)境等方面的差 7 異或是設(shè)計(jì)的圖紙與規(guī)范要求不符，施工說明表達(dá)不嚴(yán)密，對(duì)設(shè)備、材料的名稱、規(guī)格型號(hào)表示不清楚或工程量錯(cuò)誤等諸多方面的遺漏和缺陷，造成返工。它既是一種權(quán)利也是一種行為，通常情況下，索賠是指承包商在合同實(shí)施過程中，對(duì)非自身原因造成的工程延期、費(fèi)用增加而要求業(yè)主給予補(bǔ)償損失的一種權(quán)利要求。 engineers sent to the contractor received the report and claims information after the 28 days given to sign rehabilitation, Or ask the contractor to add further grounds for the claim and evidence. Engineers in 28 days or did not respond to the contractor for further requirements, as the claims have been approved. Excess of the limitation period for claims, as the case may have the right to refuse. At the same time, the claim should be effective to deal with in a timely manner. Should clearly define the responsibilities, strict examination fees. The claim of actual events are often responsible for both contracts, which should identify the reasons, clearly define responsibilities and in accordance with the terms of the contract39。 II is due to 2 extension of the period and The cost of damage caused by the claim. If the project is not the responsibility of delay caused by the construction, and construction units have been approved construction project claim, the construction units can be made as a result of measures taken to speed up and increase the cost of claims. The cost of claims is based on the principle of pensation for actual losses, and its purpose is to require financial pensation. When the reality of the conditions of the contract and inconsistent, leading to increase in contractor expenses in excess of the requirements of the plan39。s cost of the additional pensation expenses, in order to save his mitment should not be economic losses. 2. The cause of the project claim Engineering design arising from claims. As the construction drawings in error or defective, working drawings and the actual construction site in geology, environment, or the difference between the design drawings and specifications does not match the description of expression is not tight construction, equipment, materials, the name of the model specifications that Or the wrong amount of work is not clear and many other aspects of the flaws and omissions, resulting in rework. Inevitable in order to produce in the period, the labor, materials, and other aspects of the claims. Do not close the signing of the contract arising from claims The contract is a contract agreement, the tender documents, tender, contractspecific provisions, general provisions of the contract, drawings, BOQ and to fulfill the contract in the course of a series of supplementary agreements such as the position of the document, the contracts signed between the two sides in accordance with the law The entry into force, legally binding, either party may change or dissolve the nonperformance of the contract or the powers and duties. However, due to construction projects and the plexity of the construction period, as well as the natural environment, climate, such as longterm factors, together with the terms of the contract in terms of security