【正文】 board resonances。cial des Perturbations Radioelectrotechnique. CMC Acronym for Compact Model Council. CML Acronym for Current Mode Logic. CMOS Acronym for Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor. CMRR Acronym for Common Mode Rejection Ratio. Confidence interval A statistical range with a specified probability that a given parameter lies within the range. Confidence level Example: Suppose an opinion poll predicted that, if the election were held today, the Conservative party would win 60% of the vote. The pollster might attach a 95% confidence level to the interval 60% plus or minus 3%. That is, he thinks it very likely that the Conservative party would get between 57% and 63% of the total vote. Confidence limit Either of the two numbers that specify the endpoints of a confidence interval. correlation 1. How well a set of measurements agrees with a separate set of measurements on the same group of units. One or more attributes may be used. 2. Process of making a quantitative parison between two sets of data. Also, from the word roots co: together and relation. correlation metric A means of quantifying agreement between two sets of data. COTS Acronym for Commercial OffTheShelf apparatus. CPD Acronym for Cumulative Probability Distribution (function). crosstalk The amount of signal from one conductor that gets coupled onto an adjacent conductor through the mutual capacitance and inductance between them. The magnitude of the effect is always a fraction of the active, or aggressor, upon the passive, or victim, . The amount of coupling depends on the proximity of the s, the proximity of any ground/power plane, the length of any parallel runs, the risetime of the driving signal and the dielectric medium between them. current carrier A current carrier is either a conduction band electron or a conduction band hole. D DARPA Acronym for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. data sheet Documentation created after the properties and behavior of a population of devices, from a statistically incontrol process, are characterized. dB Acronym for decibel. The number of decibels denoting the ratio of the two amounts of power being ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of this ratio. With P1 and P2 designating two amounts of power and n the number of decibels denoting their ratio.(ANSI – 1992) N = 10log10 (P1/P2) dB dBmV/m Symbol for decibelsmicroVolts per meter. where dBmv = 20 log [Signal (mV)/1mV] Decibels relative to one microvolt across same resistance. DC Acronym for Direct Current. detailed physical model A device model wherein its internal detail is described as closely as possible. There is usually a close correlation with the physical construction of the device. device A ponent or part. DFM Acronym for Design For Manufacturability. DFT Acronym for Design For Test. DIE Acronym for Die Information Exchange. dielectric Dielectric materials are poor conductors of electricity, and are insulators that are used to provide separation between conductors. Dielectric materials can be made to hold an electrostatic charge while dissipating minimal energy in the form of heat. Glass, porcelain, mica, rubber, plastics dry air, vacuums and some liquids and gases are dielectric. For example: air, FR4, and GETEK. dielectric constant (relative) An inherent property of dielectric materials that determines the amount of electric charge that can be stored. The higher the constant, E, the higher the energy stored in the material’s capacitance. E is usually measured and reported in formulas relative to air (Er). Air then gets an Er, = 1. FR4 often has a low frequency Er = depending on starting materials and processing. In solid dielectrics Er will fall off starting with high frequencies while signal attenuation increases. Er affects transmission line behavior, particularly characteristic impedance (Zo) and propagation delay (td). The changes in td with frequency cause decreased delay leading to dispersion, or spreading distortion, of a time domain pulse that is posed of many frequencies. digital Data varying between two discrete levels. Electronic signals or switches based on discrete, binary electrical levels (ones and zeros) found in such products as touchtone telephones and audio pact disk players. These signals are either ON or OFF, HIGH or LOW, YES or NO. The mathematical description in digital products is simple, since it is either ON or OFF. DIP Acronym for Dual InLine Package. discrete As in discrete ponent. Package containing only a single ponent as opposed to an integrated circuit containing many ponents in a single package. dispersion 1. The scattering of values of a measurement around the mean or median of the . A distribution. dispersion, dielectric A high frequency effect in dielectric materials. At high frequencies the dielectric constant decreases causing an increase in propagation velocity and a dispersion in arrival times of wave frequency ponents. DML Acronym for Device Modeling Language (Cadence) and associated .dml files. documentation Reports such as data sheets, process control, product characterization, process characterization, and models. May be produced by either the supplier or customer to describe or depict the semiconductor process. DOE Acronym for Design Of Experiments. doping The process of adding impurity atoms to intrinsic (pure) silicon or germanium to improve the conductivity of the semiconductor material. DSP Acronym for Digital Signal Processing. DTL Acronym for DiodeTransistor Logic. DUT Acronym for Device Under Test. E Early effect A behavior in narrow base BJT transistors named for Dr. J. Early who explained it. The effect is an increase in b due to base narrowing caused by increasing basecollector bias voltage. EBD Acronym for Electronic Board Description