【正文】 8．閱讀理解 takes a big toll on固定短語，“付出了巨大的代價(jià)”，故選B。t explicitly mention—environmental impacts, that you are going to have lower environmental impacts due to that.” 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)（營(yíng)養(yǎng)膳食指南的）影響因國(guó)家而異，但總的來說，在影響力較大的國(guó)家，如果你遵循國(guó)家推薦的膳食指南，即使這些膳食并未明晰對(duì)環(huán)境的影響，或者大多數(shù)膳食沒有明確說明這一點(diǎn)，但是你對(duì)環(huán)境的影響會(huì)因?yàn)樽裱改隙鴾p輕。 new program concerning healthy eating for schools is likely to be based on national nutrition guidelines.D.t mention the diet explicitly for its impacts can be ignored.（2）What do the underlined words takes a big toll on However, following dietary guidelines would reduce those impacts, especially in wealthy countries like the US. Most of the reductions e from meat and dairy, which have an outsized impact on land use and pollution, and are a major source of greenhouse gases.(That39。ine nations. said Paul Behrens, an environmental scientist at Leiden University in the Netherlands.s good for the planet, too. （3）考查推理判斷。B.The bee Alas, my good health is not guaranteed. The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals, as well as changes in weather patterns, all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit I39?！惫蔬xB。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Australia showed that bees could perform arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction (減法).”澳大利亞證明蜜蜂可以做加法和減法等算術(shù)運(yùn)算。Some primates, birds and even spiders can add and substract.（4）What can be the best title for the text? A. numerical cognition ________. A. Many species can understand the difference between quantities and use this to search for food, make decisions and solve problems. But numerical cognition, such as exact number and arithmetic operations, requires a more plex level of processing.在少數(shù)極端情況下，這種緊張情緒接近沖突。根據(jù)第三段中的“The young adults taking part in the study were‘more positive than might have been expected’about moving back home – the shame is reduced as so many of their friends are in the same position, and they acknowledged the benefits of their parents39。 quality of life and wellbeing.”這一發(fā)現(xiàn)與今年早些時(shí)候發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究結(jié)果不一致，早些的研究顯示，返鄉(xiāng)的成年子女會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母的生活質(zhì)量和幸福感顯著惡化。Both parents and children enjoy a more harmonious relationship.B.They are ashamed of turning to their parents for help.B.B.Boomerang children made their parents happier.B. 當(dāng)我們變老的時(shí)候，大腦需要更多的時(shí)間來處理信息。根據(jù)第一段中的 This is likely due largely to the physical changes of our nerves and neurons (神經(jīng)元).可知，老年人覺得時(shí)間過得過快的原因是神經(jīng)和神經(jīng)元的變化。The younger brain takes less time to process information.C.re processing images at a faster rate, Beian says, For older people, this means fewer images are being processed in the same amount of time, causing experiences to seem as though they39。rapid fire39。故選A。 （3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。 names and roles on their caps.”Rob提出在手術(shù)帽上寫上名字和職位，由此可知他是支持這一想法的。B.We39。Rob is in favor of writing names and roles on caps.C. When hospital staff are in full scrubs (手術(shù)衣), their faces are almost pletely covered by their caps and face masks, and we can only see their eyes and eyebrows. In order to solve the problem, a doctor in Sydney, Australia, called Rob Hackett launched a campaign named Theatre (手術(shù)室) Cap Challengeencourage hospital staffs to write their39。故選B。故選A。D.releasedlarge amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB. Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone (臭氧) levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on faroff sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling. This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC.indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC.C.help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了阿拉斯加、加拿大和西伯利亞的森林大火使氣候變暖，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，在燃燒的樹木允許更多的雪將更多的陽光反射到太空的地區(qū)可能會(huì)發(fā)生冷卻。根據(jù)第三段中的“Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.”可知早期關(guān)于北方森林火災(zāi)的研究建議大火將加速氣候變暖，故選D。 I went to a theatre where there were about 20 doctors and nurses in the room, Dr. Rob Hackett said. I struggled to even ask to be passed some gloves because the person I was pointing to thought I was pointing to the person behind them, because I don39。re human. he added On the other hand, from the patients39。It is strongly opposed to by all the doctors and nurses.C.s the patients39。B.Doubtful于是，一位澳大利亞的醫(yī)生Rob提出在手術(shù)帽上寫上名字和職位，這一想法逐漸得到了全世界很多國(guó)家的認(rèn)可。 is in response to concerns about how easily avoidable mistakes and poor munication are contributing to rising harmful events for our patients. 可知，Theatre Cap challenge活動(dòng)是為了應(yīng)對(duì)不斷增加的病患相關(guān)不良事件，而這些事件常是由一些很容易避免的錯(cuò)誤和溝通障礙引起的。 （4）考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。Rapid fire abilities.（2）What is unavoidable in the process of getting old? A.B.C.D.The Older, the FasterD.故選B。C項(xiàng)正好與主旨句呼應(yīng)，故選C。Boomerang children never did any housework.（2）The underlined word trigger in Paragraph 2 may be best replaced by ________. A.The parents are willing to provide support to their children.C.父母和孩子對(duì)于獨(dú)立的緊張情緒會(huì)導(dǎo)致父母和子女之間偶爾的爭(zhēng)吵。即可推理劃線部分單詞trigger意為“導(dǎo)致，致使”，與cause意義一致。由此推斷出，孩子們很難找到一份滿意的工作，故選C。 RMIT39。t require a massive brain, there might also be new ways for us to include interactions of both longterm rules and working memory in designs to improve