【正文】
26 這類(lèi)人喜歡有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的活動(dòng)，愿意在群體中工作，并對(duì)群體的行為施加一些影響。
20 社會(huì)型職業(yè)涉及那些與人打交道的工作，如教育、培訓(xùn)、治療、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、組織或啟迪他人。
他們特別不喜歡重復(fù)性的活動(dòng)和銷(xiāo)售活動(dòng)。傳統(tǒng)性職業(yè)通常需要做一定的筆頭工作，但一般都是撰寫(xiě)商務(wù)信函和常規(guī)報(bào)告。他們通常認(rèn)為自己擅長(zhǎng)機(jī)械操作和體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，他們個(gè)性穩(wěn)定、不做作、執(zhí)著。當(dāng)我談到從事這些職業(yè)的人員的特點(diǎn)時(shí)，請(qǐng)注意，沒(méi)有哪個(gè)人會(huì)具備所有這些特性。 in foodproducing panies where they work on nutritional aspects of food。我申請(qǐng)?jiān)谥芰约敖酉聛?lái)的暑假當(dāng)售貨員，當(dāng)場(chǎng)就被錄用了。其中一個(gè)女孩對(duì)另一個(gè)說(shuō)：“我上大學(xué)不會(huì)花我父親一分錢(qián)。在很多情況下實(shí)習(xí)生有少量薪水，但也有無(wú)報(bào)酬的情況。. Naturally if the job is careeroriented, it makes better reading. One day on the muter train, I was sitting in front of two high school girls, and one said to the other, “My college education won＇t cost my father one cent. At least I don＇t think so.“ She explained that she had been working weekends, summers, and Christmas and spring vacations as a waitress in a restaurant. Her tips were so good she had saved up $ 10,000. She planned to go to Rutgers University, muting from home. If she continued working through college she figured she could graduate without debt and go to graduate school. When I started looking for a summer job in college I found that the only organization that would hire me (except for restaurants) was Filene＇s, the big Boston department store that operated a summer branch on Cape Cod, where my family vacationed. During my freshman year at college I paid a visit to the Northampton, Mass. branch, a yearround operation. I asked for a job selling on Saturdays and a job the following summer. I was hired on the spot. The following summer the manager of the Northampton shop assumed management of the Cape Cod branch for the summer, and she asked me to e along as a salesgirl. All through college I earned my expenses by working for Filene＇s on the Cape during the summer months and on Saturdays and sale days during the college years. I also conceived and wrote copy for the advertisements that Filene＇s ran in our college newspaper during the winter, and an art major did the drawings based on my ideas. By the time I was a senior I knew that I did not want to go into retailing, but it was my hedge against the future. I knew from conversations with the store manager that if I could not find a newspaper reporting job I could find a spot on the Filene＇s training squad, and use that step toward a writing job. 1假設(shè)你知道自己大學(xué)畢業(yè)后想干什么（現(xiàn)今，如果進(jìn)了大學(xué)你還沒(méi)選中一種職業(yè)，也許會(huì)被看成目光短淺），你早在畢業(yè)前就應(yīng)該考慮找一份工作了。但是，擇業(yè)規(guī)劃能夠幫助你面對(duì)或更好地處理新的問(wèn)題，諸如決定是否要接受某方面的教育或培訓(xùn)，是否要更換工作，還能幫助你分析所面臨的困境或與某人交往中所存在的困難。這些新的職業(yè)常常是他們年輕時(shí)所忽視的，或者是由于當(dāng)時(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)或別的原因而沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)從事的。這會(huì)使你對(duì)自己的發(fā)展前途有新的了解，并有助于你看清新的關(guān)系、模式及方向，或者明確你在考慮自己事業(yè)發(fā)展方面還有哪些不到之處。了解自己是怎樣一個(gè)人，看重什么以及想成為什么樣的人，這些是整個(gè)擇業(yè)規(guī)劃的依據(jù)。當(dāng)人們面對(duì)職業(yè)選擇而又感到?jīng)]有足夠時(shí)間找到解決方法時(shí)，會(huì)感到驚慌失措。有些人對(duì)于要費(fèi)心考慮的擇業(yè)信息置之不理，這就是自滿(mǎn)的表現(xiàn)。 and (4) as many as a third of the students are unable to express any choice of occupation. In their book Decision Making, Irving Janis and Leon Mann identify serious flaws in the ways many people make decisions. These flaws seem to be associated with the patterns people use to cope with problems. The first flaw is placency. People who ignore challenging information about the choices they make demonstrate placency. People who take the attitude that “It won＇t affect me“ or “It will never happen“ use placency as a dominant pattern of behaving. Of course, placency is appropriate for any decision in which nothing much is at stake, but that does not describe career decisions. A second flaw in the way people cope with decisions is defensive avoidance. When confronted with a decision and unable to believe they can find an acceptable solution, some people remain calm by resorting to wishful thinking or daydreaming. Students who fail to think about the implications of their career choices often engage in rationalization (deceiving oneself with selfsatisfying but incorrect explanations for one＇s behavior) or procrastination (putting off or delaying). Facing the situation may produce anxiety, but examining alternatives could also bring relief. A third flaw is hyper vigilance. This occurs in career decision making when people believe there is not enough time to find a solution and they panic. They search frantically for career possibilities and seize on hastily invented solutions, overlooking the consequences of their choice as well as other alternatives. People who are in a panic sometimes do not think clearly or logically. The best coping behavior is vigilance. Vigilant decision making occurs when people believe that (1) a choice should be made, (2) they can find a solution, and (3) there is enough time. Unde