【正文】 or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名詞+不定式,作伴隨狀語)He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代詞 +不定式,作條件狀語)She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 ,作伴隨狀語)Without anything left in the cupboard, shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過去分詞,作為原因狀語)二、with結(jié)構(gòu)的用法在句子中with結(jié)構(gòu)多數(shù)充當(dāng)狀語,表示行為方式,伴隨情況、時(shí)間、原因或條件(詳見上述例句)。例如： With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.)She fell asleep with the light burning.→(The light was burning.)With her hair gone,there could be no use for them.→(Her hair was gone.),第一部分為人稱代詞時(shí),則該用賓格代詞。例如： With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已領(lǐng)過路)With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天將領(lǐng)路)He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寢室被關(guān)著)： with結(jié)構(gòu)具有上述功能和特點(diǎn),而“介詞with+名詞或代詞(組)”組成的一般的with短語在句子中可以作定語和狀語。在句法功能上,with結(jié)構(gòu)可以作定語,獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不能；獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作狀語,但也可以作主語,而with結(jié)構(gòu)則不能。語序角度狀語從句倒裝特殊句式 6。從句關(guān)系角度主從句中的主謂不一致4。狀語從句通常由一個(gè)連詞引起，也可以由一個(gè)起連詞作用的詞組引起，有時(shí)甚至不需要連詞直接和主句連接起來。如： Strike while the iron is 。Once you see him, you will never forget ，就不會(huì)忘了他的。It was not long before I forgot it all.(It is / was / will be …before…是常用句型)He ran off before I could stop him.（主句和從句的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，時(shí)態(tài)一致）我還沒來得及阻止他他就跑掉了。Each time he came to town he would visit our ，總要來看看我們的學(xué)校。(主句的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時(shí)間較短，不能用ever since)You have been reading to me ever since James went out.（ever 放在since之前是用來表示說話者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時(shí)間長）自從James走后你一直在給我朗讀。I knew nothing about it until / till he told me.(但Until he told me, I knew nothing about it.“till”不位于句首)他告訴我了我才知道。He would keep in touch with us wherever he ，總是與我們保持聯(lián)系。Now that/Since you are all here, let’s try and reach a ，咱們就設(shè)法做出一個(gè)決定吧。如：Let’s take the front seats(so)that we may see more ，這樣我們看得更清楚些。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：that, so that（從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）, so…that(如此……以致..), such…that(如此……以致……)等。（so是副詞，后接形容詞或副詞）Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much = Jenny is so clever a girl that….Jenny是如此聰明的女孩，以至老師們都非常喜歡她。I had so little money then that I couldn’t afford a little ，連一份小小禮物都買不起。Send us a message in case you have any ，請給我們一個(gè)信兒。He’ll accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too ，除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的話。（由as if或 as though引導(dǎo)的從句中可用虛擬語氣）8． 比較狀語從句比較狀語從句常由than（比）, as（與……一樣）等詞引導(dǎo)： It rains more often in Shanghai than in 。9． 讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句由although（盡管）, though（盡管）, however（無論怎樣）, whatever（無論什么）, whoever（無論誰）, whomever（無論誰）, whichever（無論哪個(gè)）, whenever（無論何時(shí)）, wherever（無論哪里）, whether（是否）, no matter(who, what, where, when, etc)（無論……）, even if（即使）, even though（即使）等詞引導(dǎo)。However(=No matter how)expensive it may be, I’ll take ，我也要買下它。如：Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或Young though he is, he….他雖然年輕，但懂得很多。第三篇：狀語從句Clauses of Condition, Concession and Contrast(條件、讓步和對比從句)條件從句由 if, unless, as(so)long as, provided / providing(that), suppose / supposing(that), in case等引導(dǎo)，如：If he es I39。其中 because 語氣最強(qiáng)，表示直接、主要原因，通常引導(dǎo)的從句放在句尾，特別是回答 why 提出的問題只能用 because。t catch 常用 so that, in order(that), lest, for fear that 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：I took a taxi so that I could be in time for the closer in order that you may see the blackboard that 既可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果從句也可引導(dǎo)目的從句，但結(jié)果從句表示事實(shí)，通常不含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；目的從句表示希望或想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)，通常含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：He got up early so that he caught the train.（結(jié)果）He got up early so that he could(might)catch the train.（目的）Lest 和 for fear(that)含有否定意義，并且從句中動(dòng)詞須用 “動(dòng)詞原形”或 ”should + V.” 的虛擬語氣，如：He ran away lest he(should)be caught.(= He ran away in order that he would not be caught.)I checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.(= I checked all the results time and again so that there wouldn39。s body, that railway is to transportation.（鐵路對于運(yùn)輸，好比血管對于人的身體。）He would rather have the small one than the large one.（他寧可要那個(gè)小的，而不愿要那個(gè)大的。1）why提問的句子，必須用because回答。As he was not well, I decided to go there without it was raining hard, we had to be 、since/ now that“既然”，一般放在主句前，中間用逗號隔開，表示的是明顯的原因或眾所周知的事實(shí)。It rained last night, for the ground is must have gone out early, for she had not e for :一、填入恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞 didn’t go to school yesterday _________ I was everybody is here, let’s begin our you are in poor health, you should not stay up asked her to stay to tea, ________ I had something to tell all the passengers are here, why don’t we start at once? won’t make any progress ________ he doesn’t study harder than might have gone to bed, ________ the light went 、改寫句子,保持句意不變1)The ship changed its course because there was a ship changed its course _______ _______ _______ )Because he was ill, he didn’t go to was ill, _______ he didn’t go to )He couldn39。2）because的從句常放在主句之后。C、for 引導(dǎo)的并列句與原因狀語從句的辨析：并列連詞for“因?yàn)椤?，引?dǎo)的不是從句，而是并列分句，只能放在主句之后，不能放在句首，常用逗號把它和前面的分句隔開。一 時(shí)間狀語從句(主將從現(xiàn))before用法（1）在…之前(2)“就”、“才”：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon asit is/will be +一段時(shí)間+before+句子“還要多久才，多久之后才/就”（由名詞詞組充當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞）：the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant, till和until用法(一…就…)。No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.（必背）連接詞when、while、as ⑴when①“正當(dāng)…時(shí)候”，即可引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，又可引導(dǎo)短暫性動(dòng)作。這時(shí)be on the point of doing sth when …正要做。（3）放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)一般用until不用tilleg Until he returns,nothing can be done（4）倒裝句：not until 放句首，后面第二個(gè)句子部分倒裝。)常用引導(dǎo)詞：because（因?yàn)椋? since（既然）, as（由于）, now that（既然），注意：,，可與still，yet連用in that（因?yàn)椋?.。（越…,越…）越來越…（比較級and 比較級，more and more +多音節(jié)adj/adv）just as …(正如)，A is to B what /as C is to D（A對于B就像C對于D）