【正文】 Doctor Faustus, The Jew of Malta, Tamburlaine amp。 a verse translation of Ovid39。 happiness。s outstanding portrayal of character. Its hero, Barabas the Jew, served as the model for Shylock in Shakespeare39。 rhetoric.　Tamburlaine is a play about an ambitious amp。 Influence　Achievements: Marlowe39。s mighty line, as Ben Jonson called his blank verse, was one of the most important contributions to the art of English literature.　4. 應(yīng)用Dr. Faustus　The selection of ActⅠfrom Dr. Faustus is mainly about Faustus is showing his great ambition, that is, if he had many souls, he would give them all to the Devil so that he could control the world. In portraying Faustus, a more introspective amp。 fellow playwright Ben Jonson said that Shakespeare was not of an age but for all time. The 18thcentury English essayist Samuel Johnson described his work as the mirror of life. The 19thcentury English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge spoke of myriadminded Shakespeare. The 20thcentury English dramatist George Bernard Shaw stressed his enormous power over language.　　2. 識(shí)記His Life amp。s Labor39。s Dream (1595)　　　The Merchant of Venice (1596)　　　Much Ado About Nothing (1598)　　　As You Like It (1599)　　　Twelfth Night (1600)　　　The Merry Wives of Winsor (1598)　　　Romeo amp。 Cressida 　　　Coriolonus 　　　All39。s authentic nondramatic poetry consists of two long narrative poems: Venus amp。s works.　　2) Effects on literature Shakespeare39。s contribution has been to the language amp。s capacity to depict life in all its plexity amp。 Bassanio, to idealize Portia as a heroine of great beauty, wit amp。s most popular play on the stage, for it has the qualities of a bloodandthunder thriller amp。s recent death amp。s ghost, Hamlet is informed that Claudius has murdered his father amp。s foul amp。s death, Hamlet is obliged to inhabit a shadow world, to live suspended between fact amp。 fantastic story, is known as the best of his final romances. The characters are rather allegorical amp。s patron. The poems express the writer39。 a final couplet. Their rhyme scheme is abab, cdcd, efef, gg. A theme is developed amp。 fame, is a conventional Elizabethan narrative poem. Its mythological story, taken from Ovids Metamorphoses, tells of the passionate love goddess who woos the reluctant youth Adonis.The Rape of Lucrece, another narrative of passion, is based on the semi historical story of the rape of a chaste Roman matron by Tarquin, son of the king of Rome.　5. 領(lǐng)會(huì)His Major Theme　1) Shakespeare is against religious persecution amp。 accepted the Renaissance views on literature.　6. 領(lǐng)會(huì)His Literary Achievements　　1) Characterization　　His major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones。s Lost, amp。 Regan, the ironwilled Lady Macbeth, the witty amp。s plays are well known for their adroit plot construction. He seldom invents his own plots。s time, English grammar amp。 mighty. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary amp。s dayyouth 　　　　　　 the eye of heaventhe sun　　　2) The Merchant of Venice 　　Theme: To praise the friendship between Antonio amp。s most famous monologue. Hamlet, facing the dilemma of action amp。 fresh observation rather than authority as a basis for obtaining knowledge.　　2. 識(shí)記His works　　As an author, Bacon is most famous for his Essays, which deal with such subjects as honor, friendship, love, amp。 an imaginary voyage, amp。 Old (1605)　　　　　　　　 The History of the Reign of Henry Ⅶ (1622)　　　　　　　　 The New Atlantis (unfinished)　　Third group: Maxims of Law　　　　　　　　 The Learned Reading upon the　　　　　　　　 Stature of Uses (1642) 　　3. 領(lǐng)會(huì) His Major Works　　Essays 　　The term essay was borrowed from Montaigne39。 Jacobean youth of his class amp。 powerfulness. The essays are well arranged amp。 experimental science of modern times in general.5. 應(yīng)用 Of Studies　　Of Studies is the most popular of Bacon39。 precise, Of Studies reveals to us Bacon39。 confined.V. John Donne Donne amp。 a free range of feelings amp。 vitality of rhythms, which show a notable contrast to the other Elizabethan lyric poems, which are pure, serene, tuneful, amp。s beloved, with God, or with himself. George Herbert, Andrew Marvell, Richard Crashaw, Henry Vaughan, Abraham Cowley, amp。 other branches of learning. At the same time, metaphysical poems express an intense awareness of mon human feelings amp。 prose works, His poems are especially admired for their unique bination of passionate feeling amp。 Satires amp。 satires. When read in chronological order, the poems reveal his development from Gay Jack Donne, a reckless amp。 scholastic plexity as his poetry. For example, the wellknown Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions (16231624). Written when he was seriously ill, they contain the famous passage: No Man is an island entire of itself。 it tolls for thee.　　3. 領(lǐng)會(huì) Characteristics of His Poems 　　Donne39。 Sonnets. Love is the basic theme. Donne holds that the nature of love is the union of soul amp。 the last hymns.　　In his poems, Donne frequently applies conceits, . extended metaphors involving dramatic contrasts. His poetry involves a certain kind of argument, sometimes in rigid syllogistic form. With the brief, simple language, the argument is continuous throughout the poem. 4. 應(yīng)用Selected Readings　　1) Death Be Not Proud, one of Donne39。 dreadful. Donne gives various reasons in accusing death of being little more than a slave bossed about by fate, chance, kings amp。 secret room without their approval. The speaker criticizes the sun pays too much attention to such things as sex amp。 one of the towering figures in all literature. His masterpiece, Paradise Lost, is considered the unsurpassed English epic poem. It is a powerfully imaginative amp。Allegro, amp。 rich musical quality. 　　2. 識(shí)記His literary achievements 　　Milton39。s education would ordinarily have led him to a post in the Church of England. He was a Puritan, however, amp。 IL Penseroso were probably written in 1631, before his withdrawal from Cambridge. These are panion pieces that contrast the temperaments of the cheerful, active man amp。 other poetic devices, all ma