【正文】
The written form was not part of the language but a means of making manifest the sound system. Writing provides an easy option for linguistic study, therefore, is a dangerous red herring for linguistics. ? The art of writing is not part of language, but rather a paratively modern invention for recording and broadcasting what is spoken. Bloomfield ? Spoken precedes written chronologically ? There exist nonliterate language munities. ? Written forms hinder understanding of “actual speech”. Written Language ● Definition of written language ● Broad sense of written language (manuscript, print) Writing supreme ● A means of munication across space and time ● Origin: For over two millennia ● Focus: Medium of literature a source of standards of linguistic excellence with permanence and authority (esp. before 20th century) Supporters39。 valuable for some sophisticated purposes ● Displaying several unique features Influence spoken language ● A means for children to extend spoken vocabulary ● Words through written medium ● The whole of a language from written form (Latin) ● Source of modern spoken language (Hebrew) Compromise ● Two different a