【正文】 flop 置位 set 復(fù)位 reset 直接置位端directset terminal 直接復(fù)位端directreset terminal 寄存器 register 移位寄存器 shift register 雙向移位寄存器bidirectional shift register 計(jì)數(shù)器 counter 同步計(jì)數(shù)器 synchronous counter 異步計(jì)數(shù)器asynchronous counter 加法計(jì)數(shù)器 adding counter 減法計(jì)數(shù)器 subtracting counter 定時(shí)器 timer 清除（清0）clear 載入 load 時(shí)鐘脈沖 clock pulse 觸發(fā)脈沖 trigger pulse 上升沿 positive edge 下降沿 negative edge 時(shí)序圖 timing diagram 波形圖 waveform 單穩(wěn)態(tài)觸發(fā)器 monostable flipflop 雙穩(wěn)態(tài)觸發(fā)器 bistable flipflop 無(wú)穩(wěn)態(tài)振蕩器 astable oscillator 晶體 crystal 555定時(shí)器 555 timer 模擬信號(hào) analog signal 數(shù)字信號(hào) digital signal AD轉(zhuǎn)換器analog digital converter (ADC) DA轉(zhuǎn)換器 digitalanalog converter (DAC) 半導(dǎo)體存儲(chǔ)器 只讀存儲(chǔ)器 readonly memory（ROM） 隨機(jī)存取存儲(chǔ)器 randomaccess memory（RAM） 可編程ROM programmable ROM（PROM）常見(jiàn)英文縮寫(xiě)解釋?zhuān)ò醋帜疙樞蚺帕校篈SIC: Application Specific Integrated Circuit. 專(zhuān)用IC CPLD: Complex Programmable Logic Device. 復(fù)雜可編程邏輯器件 EDA: Generic Array Logic. Intelligent Property. Programmable Array Logic. System On a Chip. 系統(tǒng)級(jí)IC VHDL: Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language. address bus （地址總線(xiàn)）：A set of electrical lines connected to the processor and all of the peripheals withwhich itmunicates. The address bus is used by the processor to select aspecific memory location or register within a particular peripheral. If the address bus contains n electrical lines, the processor can uniquely address up to 2^n such ，用來(lái)通訊的電子線(xiàn)路集。應(yīng)用軟件不象可重用的交叉嵌入式平臺(tái)，只是因?yàn)槊恳粋€(gè)嵌入式系統(tǒng)有不同的應(yīng)用軟件。ADIMM（advanced Dual Inline Memory Modules，高級(jí)雙重內(nèi)嵌式內(nèi)存模塊） AMR（Audio／Modem Riser；音效／調(diào)制解調(diào)器主機(jī)板附加直立插卡） AHA（Accelerated Hub Architecture，加速中心架構(gòu)） ASK IR（Amplitude Shift Keyed InfraRed，長(zhǎng)波形可移動(dòng)輸入紅外線(xiàn)） ATX: AT Extend（擴(kuò)展型AT） BIOS（Basic Input/Output System，基本輸入/輸出系統(tǒng)） CSE（Configuration Space Enable，可分配空間） DB: Device Bay，設(shè)備插架 DMI（Desktop Management Interface，桌面管理接口） EB（Expansion Bus，擴(kuò)展總線(xiàn)） EISA（Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture，增強(qiáng)形工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)架構(gòu)） EMI（Electromagnetic Interference，電磁干擾） ESCD（Extended System Configuration Data，可擴(kuò)展系統(tǒng)配置數(shù)據(jù)） FBC（Frame Buffer Cache，幀緩沖緩存） FireWire（火線(xiàn)，即IEEE1394標(biāo)準(zhǔn)） FSB: Front Side Bus，前置總線(xiàn)，即外部總線(xiàn) FWH（ Firmware Hub，固件中心） GMCH（Graphics amp?！　oard support package（板卡支持包）Part of a software package that is processor or platformdependent. Typically,sample source code for the board support package is provided by the package developer. The sample code must be modified as necessary, piled, and linked with the remainder of the software 。一個(gè)外合處理器絕大多數(shù)情況下只用在模擬器上，從來(lái)不會(huì)被特意用在產(chǎn)品系統(tǒng)上。對(duì)一種處理器架構(gòu)的描述?！　PU（中央處理器）Central Processing Unit. The part of a processor that executes ?！　ontext switch（上下文切換）The process of switching from one task to another in a multitasking operating system. A context switch involves saving the context of the running ask and restoring the previouslysaved context of the other. The piece of code that does this is necessarily 。僅僅在所有可用的資源都被用完了時(shí)才阻塞?！　rosspiler（交叉編譯器）A piler that runs on a different platform than the one for which it produces object code. A crosspiler runs on a host puter and produces object code for the ，其中之一能產(chǎn)生目標(biāo)代碼。DMA傳輸由叫DMA控制器的第三方外設(shè)進(jìn)行管理?！　ata bus（數(shù)據(jù)總線(xiàn)）A set of electrical lines connected to the processor and all of the peripherals with which it municates. When the processor wants to read (write) the contents of a memory location or register within a particular peripheral, it sets the address bus pins appropriately and receives (transmits) the contents on the data 。　　Deadlock（死鎖）An unwanted software situation in which an entire set of tasks is blocked, w　　aiting for an event that only a task within the same set can cause. If a deadlock occurs, the only solution is to reset the hardware. However, it is usually possible to prevent deadlocks altogether by following certain software design ，在這個(gè)狀態(tài)下，所有的任務(wù)因?yàn)榈却粋€(gè)只有在這些被阻塞任務(wù)之一才能產(chǎn)生的事件而被阻塞。它一般被放在ROM中，通過(guò)串口或網(wǎng)絡(luò)與除錯(cuò)器進(jìn)行通訊。除錯(cuò)器在宿主機(jī)上運(yùn)行并且通過(guò)串口或網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接到目標(biāo)機(jī)上?！　evice programmer（設(shè)備編程器）A tool for programming nonvolatile memories and other electricallyprogrammable devices. Typically, the programmable device is inserted into a socket on the device programmer and the contents of a memory buffer are then transferred into 。通用DSP家庭是TI的320Cxx和Motorola的5600x系列。一次擦除后，EPROM可以在設(shè)備編程器的幫助下被重編程。