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注意:it代替主語(yǔ)從句作形式主語(yǔ) that從句作主語(yǔ)通常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而將that從句置于句末。 It39。s a pity that you didn39。 4)It + 特殊動(dòng)詞+ that從句 常用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有:seem(看上去),appear(顯得),happen(碰巧), matter(關(guān)系重大),turn out(結(jié)果),occur to sb. (某人突然想起)等。賓語(yǔ)從句可分為動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句、 介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句和形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句。t finish his work before dusk. 他說(shuō)黃昏之前他完不成任務(wù)。如: Let me know whether or not you can e. 請(qǐng)讓我知道你是否能來(lái)。如: I don’t know whether to go. 2. 連接代詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 who, whom, what, which, whomever, whoever, whatever, whichever等引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,并且在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分, 每個(gè)連接代詞都有自己特定的意義,一般不省略。)The police asked me how the accident happened. 警察問(wèn)我事故是怎么發(fā)生的。 He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他問(wèn)我第二天什么時(shí)候可以出發(fā)。(從句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)) She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她說(shuō)她從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)峨眉山。(從句是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)) 3)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句是表達(dá)客觀真理和規(guī)律的句子時(shí),其時(shí)態(tài)仍用一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí)。 I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我認(rèn)為每天多喝開水是有必要的。 When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. 啟動(dòng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)時(shí),一定要使汽車的離合器處于空擋位置。 4. 賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移。 I don39。t suppose that39。 2)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句和主句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)。 He said that if he came back early, he could e for the meeting. 他說(shuō)如果回來(lái)的早的話,他會(huì)來(lái)參加會(huì)議的。 We took it for granted that they would accept the proposal. 我們想當(dāng)然地以為他們會(huì)接受這個(gè)建議的。 I know what the time is and that the wind remains low. 我知道現(xiàn)在是什么時(shí)候,且風(fēng)依然不大。 二是時(shí)態(tài)常變化,主句不同從句異:主句若為現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)看意; 主句若為過(guò)去時(shí),從句時(shí)態(tài)向前移。 連接代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever。 The question is whether we can reduce the cost of the project. 問(wèn)題是我們能否降低這項(xiàng)工程的開支。s advice is that you (should) lie in bed for a few days. 醫(yī)生建議你臥床休息幾天。 That was where we camped last time. 那就是上次我們野營(yíng)的地方。I feel as though the house is shaking. 我感到好像房子在晃動(dòng)。 (why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,the reason是先行詞;that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句,the reason作主語(yǔ)) The reason for the car accident is that the driver was drunk. 這次交通事故是司機(jī)酒后駕駛導(dǎo)致的。 that, whether不作成分,that無(wú)實(shí)際意義,whether表示“是否”; 其他連接詞具有實(shí)義,同時(shí)在同位語(yǔ)從句中作一定成分。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題。 3. 同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別: 1)先行詞不同:同位語(yǔ)從句的先行詞常是一些具有具體信息內(nèi)容或一定內(nèi)涵的名詞,如 idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等,而定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞可以是名詞、代 詞、主句的一部分或是整個(gè)主句。 The news that our team has won the game is true. 我們隊(duì)贏了那場(chǎng)比賽的消息是真的。(同位語(yǔ)從句) 4)that引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別 引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),指物時(shí)還可以用which代替, 作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常常省略;that在同位語(yǔ)從句中僅起連接作用,不充當(dāng)任何成分,并且不能 省略,也不能用which來(lái)