【正文】 ? Fulfillment: Supplying existing products – time to delivery ? Development: Creating new products – time to market ? Product: Managing product portfolios – life cycle ? Customer – Identifying and supporting customers – OTD, response time ? Materials Mgmt. – Suppliers, inventory, logistics – lead time/days of supply ? Growth – Identifying and exploiting new opportunities TCT Basic: Focus on Key Interrelated Business Processes PRODUCTS S A L E S M A R K E T I N G S E R V I C E S U P P L I E R S CUSTOMER S U P P L I E R S P R O D U C T P L A N N I N G PROJECTS NEW PRODUCTS ORDERS PARTS QUOTES E N G I N E E R I N G D I S T R I B U T I O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 16 Static Cycle Time Measurement ? Historical measure based on analysis of output of a process ? Population may equal one or more units of work or actions ? Data may be displayed as: ?The measure of a population of one ?The measure of the average of a population ?The frequency distribution of a population ? Static cycle time is a lagging indicator: results after pletion PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 20 ? Time to plete existing AIP39。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 21 Dynamic Cycle Time Parameter Estimates ? AIP39。s Out) / 2 ?When process speed is changing quickly (special case) PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 25 Either get rid of some of the balls... The black ball exits in two seconds OneSecond Actuator Understanding Dynamic Cycle Time PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 29 Dynamic Cycle Time = Actions in Process Speed of the Line Understanding Dynamic Cycle Time PROPRIETARY 169。 onhold portion = 400 ?Total orders processed = 1,800。s Processing Speed Static Cycle Time ? Lagging Indicator ? Formula involves only cycle times of pleted actions ? Good for low transaction process steps Completed CT1 +...+Completed CTn n = = Static and Dynamic Cycle Time Comparison PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 37 FPY % = AIP39。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 38 Process Boundary Work OK? Rework OK? Scrap Process Yield First Pass Yield Yes No Yes No Queue SCOPE This boundary is determined by the data available Generic First Pass Yield Model PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 42 What is Rework? ? An AIP subjected to a new or repeated process that delays the valueadded process ? Two types of rework ?Institutionalized rework loops ?Hidden rework ? What do we measure? ?Institutionalized rework ?Hidden rework ?If a costeffective measure is feasible ?If measure is relevant PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 46 First Pass Yield: Measurements Examples ? Test ?Percent passing each test first time with no waits and no rework ? Purchasing ?Percent purchase requests okay to order with no change ?Percent ining goods able to be received immediately PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 50 So What’s the Problem? ? Time consuming installation ? No data ? Expensive ongoing data collection ? No clear linkage to reality and improvement ?Lack of relevancy (very low baseline and seemingly low entitlement) ?Rollup makes no sense ?Measure bees endinitself and not contributor to success PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 54 FPY: Rules of Thumb ? Do not measure FPY for inherently experimental subprocesses ? If FPY measurement installation takes longer than cycle time installation, FPY measurement is too hard ? Be prepared to enhance measure based on Cycles of Learning (COL’s) ? FPY tends to get worse before getting better PROPRIETARY 169。 1988 Thomas Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 58 ? A process yielded the following data last month: ? Calculate the overall process Total Cycle Time last month ? What would be the effect if P’s overlapped? ? What would you remend doing if no pletions occurred in P3? ? What is the overall process FPY? Group Work Session: Combined Measures P CT Measure CT Value FPY 1 Dynamic 1 4 days 80% 2 Static 21 Days 95% 3 Modeled 49 Days 77% 4 Dynamic 18 Days 97% 5 Static 27 Days 100% PROPRIETARY 169。 P0 F1 P1 Time Three Cycle of Learning Opportunities