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657 657 () = 646 (kg) 2245 式中 2245—— 攝氏度下飽和蒸汽的汽化潛熱 (kg) ⑸經(jīng)真空冷卻后最終蒸煮醪量為: 646 646 () = 605 (kg) 2351 式中 2351—— 真空冷卻溫度為 63 攝氏度下的飽和蒸汽的汽化潛熱 (kJ/K)。 則蒸發(fā)水量為: V 水 = m 5% 40/60 = 5% 40/60 = Kg 第 17 頁 共 33 頁 Q2’’ = V 水 I = = 44693KJ 式中 I 為水 的汽化潛熱( KJ/Kg) ( 3) 熱損失 Q2’’’ 熱損失為耗熱量的 15%: Q2’’’ = 15% ( Q2’+ Q2’’) ( 4)則總耗熱量為: Q2 = ( Q2’+ Q2’’) = ( 150402+ 44693) = 224360KJ 再次升溫煮沸到 100℃后所需熱量為 Q3 此時液化醪的質(zhì)量為 m1=605Kg Q3 = m1 c (10088) = 605 12 = 液化過程中總耗熱量為 Q1 Q1 = Q2+ Q3 = 224360+ = 2. 糖化過程熱量衡 算 液化醪質(zhì)量為 m1 = 605 Kg 液化醪比容熱為 c1 c1=0 100100 100cc???? 水 式中: c0—— 淀粉質(zhì)比熱容為 [kJ/()] ω —— 液化醪中干物質(zhì)含量( %) c 水 —— 水的比熱容為 [kJ/()] 所以, c1= 2 1 . 2 8 1 0 0 2 1 . 2 81 . 5 5 * 4 . 1 8 *1 0 0 1 0 0?? = [kJ/()] ( 1) 糖化過程加曲前,要將液化醪降溫到加曲溫度 64℃, 所放出的熱量為 Q4 Q4 = m1 c1 ( 10064) = 605 ( 10064) = KJ ( 2) 加曲后,開始糖化的溫度為 60℃,該過程發(fā)出的熱量為 Q5 第 18 頁 共 33 頁 加曲后糖化醪的質(zhì)量為 m2= Kg Q5 = m1 c1 ( 6460) = 605 (6460) = KJ ( 3) 糖化過程放出熱量 Q6 Q6 = Q4+ Q5 = + = 87604KJ ( 4) 冷卻水初始溫度為 17℃,最終溫度 為 35℃,則糖化階段冷卻水耗用量為 W: W= 612()wwQc t t?水 = 87604 1 1 6 4 .3 k g4 .1 8 ??( 3517 ) 3. 酒精發(fā)酵過程熱量衡 算 ( 1) 酒母接種溫度為 28℃,糖化醪降溫到酒精發(fā)酵溫度放出熱量為 Q7 糖化醪(含酒母醪)質(zhì)量 m2= 633Kg Q7 = m2 c1 ( 6028) = 633 ( 6028) = KJ ( 2) 酒精發(fā)酵溫度為 33℃,升溫到酒精發(fā)酵溫度所需熱量為 Q8 Q8 = m2 c1 ( 3328) = 633 ( 3328) = KJ ( 3) 產(chǎn) 1t 食醋過程中產(chǎn)生酒精 ,以葡萄糖為碳源酵母發(fā)酵每生產(chǎn) 1Kg酒精放出的熱量約為 1170KJ,則發(fā)酵和 酵母 培養(yǎng)每小時放出的熱量為: Q9 =1170*= 46683 KJ ( 4) 冷卻水初始溫度為 17℃,最終溫度為 35℃,酒精發(fā)酵階段冷卻水用量為W1 W1 = 712wwQc水( t t ) = 7 3 3 2 6 .7 2 9754 .1 8 (3 5 1 7 ) kg??? 第 19 頁 共 33 頁 ( 5) 酒精發(fā)酵階段蒸汽耗用量為 D1 1. 因為投入的是液體曲,糖化醪干物質(zhì)質(zhì)量分數(shù)ω ’: ω ’= 1 4 8 . 4 * ( 1 0 . 1 3 ) 0 . 5 9 4 0 . 1 5 0 . 2 2 5 *100%633? ? ? ?=% 2. 糖化醪的比熱容 c2 : c2 = 39。 封頭容積 (二) 糖化車間 1. 生產(chǎn)能力的計算 每生產(chǎn) 1t 食醋需糖化醪量: 633kg 每生產(chǎn) 1t 食醋需糖化醪體積(糖化醪密度 ): 633/=603L= 每天生產(chǎn)食醋 17t,糖化 罐 填充量 80%,則每天需要 糖化罐 的總容積: 17 2. 糖化 罐 數(shù)量 N2的確定,發(fā)酵周期 8 天: 現(xiàn)取公稱容積 50m3 的 糖化 罐 ,底封頭為橢圓形封頭,實際容積為 58m3. N2 = *858 = (個) 現(xiàn)取公稱容積 50m3 糖化 罐 2 個 第 22 頁 共 33 頁 3. 主要尺寸計算(設上封頭的容積與下封頭相等): 3= V + 2V = 58mV全 封筒 糖化 罐罐 體不能太高或太矮取 H:D=。 ( 3) 主要尺寸的確定 設 H/D=2/1,則種子罐總容積 V‘ 總 為: V’ 總 =V‘ 筒 +2V’ 封 ; V‘ 總 = 2 D+π D3 2/24= 算得 D= 取 D= m 則 H=2D= m 查相應表得封頭高 H‘ 封 =250+25=275mm 罐體總高 H‘ 罐 = H‘ 筒 +2H’ 封 =2200+2 275=2750mm 單個封頭容量 V’ 封 = m3 圓筒容積 V’ 筒 = 2 D= = m3 不計上封頭容積 V’ 有效 = V‘ 筒 +V’ 封 = + = m3 校核種子罐總容積: V‘ 總 =2 V‘ 封 + V’ 筒 = m3 比需要的種子罐容積大,滿足設計要求。 H=2D ; 則有 V 全 = +=22 D3=22 D= 3 22= 取 D= H=2D= 查表得封頭高: abH h h??封 =600+25=625mm 。本設備第 26 頁 共 33 頁 采用 A3鋼制作,以降低設備費用。 ( 3) 主要尺寸的確定 設 H/D=2/1,則種子罐總容積 V‘ 總 為: V’ 總 =V‘ 筒 +2V’ 封 ; V‘ 總 = 2 D+π D3 2/24= 算得 D= 取 D= m 則 H=2D= m 查相應表得封頭高 H‘ 封 =250+25=275mm 罐體總高 H‘ 罐 = H‘ 筒 +2H’ 封 =2200+2 275=2750mm 單個封頭容量 V’ 封 = m3 圓筒容積 V’ 筒 = 2 D= = m3 不計上封頭容積 V’ 有效 = V‘ 筒 +V’ 封 = + = m3 校核種子罐總容積: V‘ 總 =2 V‘ 封 + V’ 筒 = m3 第 28 頁 共 33 頁 比需要的種子罐容積大,滿足設計要求。 C S (碳鋼)8 酒母罐 1 V=179。更加鍛煉了自己查閱文獻的能力和 CAD軟件繪圖的能力,由于去年的課程設計是酒精發(fā)酵因此這次的醋酸發(fā)酵做起來感覺還是很輕松的。t agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly. For more informu, take advice from one of the anisations listed under Further help. Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation. Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the anisations listed under Further help. ation about dismissal and unfair dismissal, see Dismissal. You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haven39。s antiracism taskforce, is in London for the Football Association39。s 21 win. Michel Platini, president of European football39。 May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, 第 32 頁 共 33 頁 suddenly feel something, do it. 一字開頭的年齡已經(jīng)到了尾聲。 The end of our life, and can meet many things really do? 而窮盡我們的一生,又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可? During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional。t want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already can39。s time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a selfrighteous spiritual. 一個人的時候,自己的想法總是特別地清晰。那些曾經(jīng)所謂的非做不可,只是青蔥年華里自己給自己注射的一支強心劑,或者說,是自以為是的精神寄托罷了。 Have declared the end of the encounter that hav