環(huán)境經(jīng)濟(jì)核算體系－聯(lián)合國的建議及亞洲國家的實(shí)踐-預(yù)覽頁
【正文】 (b) from which economic benefits may be derived. 9 Economic and Environmental assets: definition /classification(Contd.) 經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境資產(chǎn)：定義 /分類 ? Natural assets can be produced (agricultural crops), or non produced (land, mineral deposits, fish in lakes or the ocean). ? Environmental Assets are all those nonproduced, noneconomic natural assets that function as providers not of natural resource inputs into production but of environmental services of waste absorption, ecological functions such as habitat and flood and climate control, or other noneconomic amenities such as health and aesthetic values. 10 Classification of natural assets in the SNA and the SEEA 在 SNA和 SEEA中自然資產(chǎn)的分類 Produced Assets Fixed assets Cultivated assets Inventories Nonproduced Assets Tangible Nonproduced Assets Tangible Nonproduced Assets Land including associated surface water Land including ecosystems Subsoil assets Subsoil assets Noncultivated biological resources wild biota Water resources Water SNA SEEA Workinprogress on cultivated assets Air 11 Classification of natural assets in SNA and SEEA (contd.) 在 SNA和 SEEA中自然資產(chǎn)的分類 ? Asset boundaries of both SEEA and SNA in respect of cultivated assets and subsoil assets are same. ? Air is included only in SEEA and not in SNA. ? SNA land includes associated water surfaces such as lakes and rivers and in some instances also ground water. SEEA excludes these categories from land but includes them under Water. SEEA land includes ecosystems. ? SNA water resource is restricted to aquifers. ? Classification of natural assets for environmental accounting is required in order to fully cover depletion, degradation and other accumulation 12 Economic and Environmental assets: definition /classification(Contd.) 經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境資產(chǎn)：定義 /分類 A major point of deviation between SNA and SEEA. ? Changes in the availability of economic, nonproduced (natural) assets, resulting from depletion or degradation, are accounted in the SNA as ‘Other Changes in Volume of Assets account’. in the SEEA, as ‘cost’ into the Production and Inegeneration accounts 13 WHAT SEEA GIVES SEEA的內(nèi)容 (a) Assessment of environmental costs: (i) The use (depletion) of natural resources in production and final consumption。 changes therein in the Supply Use and Asset Accounts of the SNA 5 Objectives and structure of the SEEA(contd.) SEEA的目標(biāo)和結(jié)構(gòu) ? In the SNA , overlap of flows and Stocks prises of ‘capital formation’ and ‘consumption of fixed capital’ ? SEEA incorporates Environmental concerns by (i)Segregating environment related flows amp。 physical data (nonitalic) in 36 Endeavours to pile SEEA in Asian Region 亞洲地區(qū)建立 SEEA的努力 ? Environmental accounting still a newly emerging area of importance ? Only few countries in the region have advanced in Natural Resource Accounts ? Adjustment to national accounts only on trial/experimental basis ? Japan Economic Planning AgencyStudy on SEEA Trial estimates of E P Expenditure Account,1990 37 Endeavours to pile SEEA in Asian Region 亞洲地區(qū)建立 SEEA的努力 ? Philippines– NSCB framework on Philippines System of Integrated Environmental and Economic Accounting (PSEEA) ? Environmental and Natural Resources Accounting Project , EP Expenditure survey, 1998, Trial estimates of NRA ? West Asian countries Still in the process of firming up NRA ? Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) experience could be guiding force 38 Thanks!
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