【正文】 re and performance as well as application of technology have made both theoretical basis and its practical value of scientific and technological achievements. In 1993, the technical mittee under American Concrete Institute proposed a new highperformance concrete was defined: Meet project special various performance of requirement, but including easy to water, smash instead of emanating, high longterm mechanics performance, high early intensity, high and tough and tensile and high volume stability, or the service life in the harsh environment is for a long time, and homogenizing good concrete. In recent years, American Concrete Institute provides more concise definition 濰坊學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 2 on a piece of characters again: The highperformance concrete is that one kind can accord with special performance and synthesize the concrete with the homogeneity requirement, the concrete can get with regular concrete ponent material and mon mixing, habit method smashed and maintained to water often. Highperformance concrete, it is used for signifying the concrete with high work degree, high strength and high durability beginning. This kind of concrete must be designed and possessed high volume stability. For reduce concrete shrink and do fracture produced to contract with temperature, must limit the grout content in the concrete mixture. The highperformance concrete amount of total grout limited of design method of match ratio that Mehta and Actcin put forward is 1/3 of the concrete volume。 The foundation and other big mixed cement consumption of pieces of concrete are 307 Kg/m3, fly ash 133 Kg/m3, water consumption is close, but guide the angry pharmaceutical and mixing amount of highefficient waterreducing agent to reduce by a large margin, make an appointment in 185mm in slump。 because of mud and water, the interface between the aggregate bond strength, it can be impermeable, so the erosion of the environment able is very durable. Doped silica powder 10 ~ 15% or even higher superplasticizer prepared mixture of cement concrete, with excellent adhesion, so the spray applied to the wet spraying the structural repair of concrete, which is one of the areas of high performance concrete applications . Highperformance concrete in highrise building applications. Highperformance concrete ( 40MPa) over the first 30story highrise buildings used for reinforced concrete structures, because such buildings in the lower third of the columns, using ordinary concrete when the great crosssection. In addition to savings in material costs, as pared with the steel structure, speeding up the adoption of concrete structures is an important feature, since the United States in Chicago in 1965 with 50 MPa concrete pouring Lake Point Tower some of the pillars has been everywhere in North America and other countries using highperformance concrete to build highrise building. Chicago 79story Water Tower Place building columns using 60MPa concrete。s tallest building 88 C40 floor Jinmao Tower once pumped to 。 (3) reducing the project cost。 b Lingdingyang Pearl River Estuary Deepwater Channel Regulation Project。 (2) brittle. Conclusion Research and development of high performance concrete application of traditional concrete major breakthrough in technical performance, energy conservation, quality, engineering economic, environmental and labor protection and other aspects of great importance. It is expected that high performance concrete in engineering applications will rapidly expand, and achieve greater, more technical and economic benefits. 濰坊學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 9 淺析 高性能混凝土 的應(yīng)用 摘要： 高性能混凝土是近期混凝土技術(shù)發(fā)展的主要方向，國外學(xué)者曾稱之為 21世紀(jì)混凝土。挪威于 1986年首先對此進(jìn)行了研究，在 1990年由美國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與技術(shù)研究院（ NIST）與美國混凝土學(xué)會（ ACI）共同主辦的一次研討會上正式定名。 在 1993年，美國混凝土學(xué)會下屬的技術(shù)委員會提出一新的高性能混凝土定義：滿足工程特殊要求的各種性能，可包括易澆搗而不離析，高長期力學(xué)性能、高早期強(qiáng)度、高堅韌性與高體積穩(wěn)定性，或在嚴(yán)酷環(huán)境中使用壽命長久，并且勻質(zhì)性 良好的混凝土。為了減少混凝土由于溫度收縮和干縮產(chǎn)生的開裂，必須限制混凝土拌合物中的水泥漿含量。它們用于主梁、墩部和墩基，硅粉混合水泥用量為 450 Kg/m3，水 153L/ m3，引氣劑 160mL/ m3和高效減水劑 3L/ m3。 高性能混凝土發(fā) 展的另一領(lǐng)域是高性能輕混凝土，相對于鋼材，普通混凝土的強(qiáng)度/自重比很低，摻有高效減水劑的高強(qiáng)混凝土則大大提高了該比例；用有大量微孔的輕骨料代替部分普通骨料，就能進(jìn)一步提高這個比例。除節(jié)省材料費(fèi)用外，與鋼結(jié)構(gòu)相比，加快施工速度也是采用混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的重要特點(diǎn)，自美國芝加哥在 1965年以 50 MPa 混凝土澆注 Lake Point Tower 的一些柱子以來，北美和其他國家到處都在用高性能混凝 土建 造高層建筑。 高性能道面混凝土 隨著對 交通 運(yùn)輸要求的日益提高，發(fā)展 “ 長壽命低維護(hù)路面 ” ， 采用高性能道面混凝土，提高混凝土的抗折強(qiáng)度與耐久性是當(dāng)前道面混凝土的發(fā)展趨勢。 高性能道面混凝土的重要特征是具有 高抗折強(qiáng)度。 (2) 抗折彈性模量 高性能道面混凝土的抗折彈性模量 E，經(jīng)實(shí)測 ， 1級為 ， 2級為， 3級為 。 海洋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu) —— 提高港口水工建筑物耐久性研究研究提出技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)合理、便于推廣應(yīng)用的新型海工高性能混凝土 大跨橋梁、海底隧道和離岸采油平臺，是這種應(yīng)用的實(shí)例。日本預(yù)期到 2020年將有 1/2的混凝土工程將用免振自密實(shí)混凝土澆注。在所有粒子懸浮體中，流動性與粒子離析間的平衡是必需的。 為得到良好的穩(wěn)定性，使物料不離析，其液相必需具有適當(dāng)?shù)牧髯冃裕拍芗炔划a(chǎn)生泌水又防止顆粒的離析。 按流變學(xué)的觀點(diǎn)，免振自密實(shí)混凝土的基體是自由 流動的超細(xì)漿體，該漿體是由水泥與超細(xì)物料共同組成的，其流動性隨環(huán)繞固體粒子的漿膜層厚度的增大而提高，而漿膜層的厚度只有在漿體已充滿固體顆粒間的空隙后才能形成，因此，漿體的厚度受到固體顆粒的形貌影響。該液體的組成包括水泥、水、外加劑和＜ 的超細(xì)物料。由于免振自密實(shí)混凝土的流變行為與組分材料的體積有十分密切的關(guān)系，因此，免 振自密實(shí)混凝土的配合比設(shè)計建議采用體積比而不用重量比。