【正文】 ster concept at context of building sustainable industrial petitiveness. Basically, industrial cluster is an exert of grouping the interrelating core industry, either supporting industries, related industries, supporting services, economy infrastructure, and related institution. Besides to reduce transportation and transaction costs,the benefit of this cluster is also to increase efficiency, create collective asset, and pursue the creation of innovation. In middle range term, increase of industrial petitiveness is conducted through building and developing prioritized industrial cluster, while in long term is pointed out in integration of cluster approach by managing the demand, and building core petence in each cluster. To make it to be reality, it needs to be supported by managing the work, either for local cluster or multinational corporation, and/or overseas cluster. KPIN also defines prioritized industries which will be stimulated in the future. The selection of the industry has purpose that the development process is more focused and easier to measure the criteria of success. Based on the formulation of national industry policy, the development of industrial cluster is aimed to achieve the followings: Strengthening industries in the value chain includes core industries, related industries, and supporting industries by location advantages, which may stimulate parative advantages to be a petitive advantage. Strengthening relationships among/between clusters in the same sectors or between/among clusters in the other sectors, all at once stimulate partnership between SMEs and large enterprises and other relevant interactive relationships, which then form industrial work and structure supporting increase of valueadded through productivity improvement. Stimulating the growth of related industries which need supplies of the same raw material and supporting material, therefore it can strengthen partnership between/among prioritized, related, or supporting industries. Concept of Cluster Based on the studies by Alfred Marshal (Isbashoiu, 2020), three conditions for setting an industrial cluster are identified: the existence of a pool of adequate labor, the existence of specialized suppliers and the possibility of external spillovers (the rapid transfer of knowhow and ideas inside the cluster). In addition, Walter Isard (Isbashoiu, 2020) expanded this concept using the exportoriented industries and its linkages to other industries in the region. According to him, these strong industrial linkages are indicating the existence of an industrial cluster. Porter popularized the concept of industrial clusters in his book The Competitive Advantages of Nations (cited by Isobashoiu, 1997), in which he examines two types of clusters: vertical clusters, made up of industries that are linked through buyerseller relationships。D. It tends to collaborate with government Ramp。除此之外 ,本研究致力于分析產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的發(fā)展利用創(chuàng)新的系統(tǒng)方法，并且與一些其他的亞洲國家進(jìn)行對比。為了在印度尼西亞建立更多有競爭力的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，我們提出一個使產(chǎn)業(yè)集群發(fā)展增加技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新能力的建議。另一方面，全球化經(jīng)濟(jì)不可避免地證實，個人或者中小企業(yè)的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)可以競爭并存活下來 ,并顯示出其自身的競爭力。 (Isbasoiu,2020 年 )。國際競爭的新視角成為所有國家關(guān)注的焦點 ,所以各國致力于工業(yè)的未來發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，以在國內(nèi)及國外市場建立具有可持續(xù)競爭力的工業(yè)部門。 KPIN 正顯示了研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)、大學(xué)和政府為了支持產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的 發(fā)展所扮演的角色。所以 , 如上文所提及的國家產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展政策 (KPIN)，本文旨在考察產(chǎn)業(yè)集群在印度尼西亞的發(fā)展 ,。 按時間順序描述 : 產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展政策為康復(fù)和穩(wěn)定的時期（ 19671972），以及石油業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展的時期 (19731981),這一政策的實施，通過支持生產(chǎn)進(jìn)口替代品產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，例如進(jìn)口替代品紡織服裝工業(yè)、造紙、水泥、和餐飲業(yè)。經(jīng)過 1998 年的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī) , 這一政策是儲蓄行業(yè)為了使它順利通過工業(yè)振興計劃。那些被選擇的產(chǎn)業(yè)是基于其他行業(yè)所選擇的它自身的潛力為準(zhǔn)的。除了減少運輸和交易成本 ,此集群也是以提高工作效率為利益 ,創(chuàng)造集體資產(chǎn) ,并追求創(chuàng)新。產(chǎn)業(yè)方向選擇以開發(fā)過程更容易和更加專注衡量成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為目的。 集群觀念 在阿爾弗雷德 波特普及了產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的概念 ,在他的著作 《競爭優(yōu)勢》中（引用了 Isobashoiu,1997),在這本著作里 ,他探討兩種類型的集群 : 1. 垂直集群 ,由兩大產(chǎn)業(yè) ,通過計劃、關(guān)系聯(lián)系在一起 。 2. 在過去的幾年里，依據(jù)歷史所掌握的知識集群 ,建立在更多的傳 統(tǒng)活動 ,以維護(hù)他們 所掌握的優(yōu)勢。他們以科學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)的集群 ,將創(chuàng)新活動集中于開發(fā)更有效的加工技術(shù)方面的集群、供應(yīng)商主導(dǎo)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的結(jié)合、專業(yè)化供應(yīng)商集群。在制藥行業(yè)的這種類型的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群是將創(chuàng)新活動集中于建立開發(fā)更有效的加工技術(shù)方面的集群關(guān)系，往往以大學(xué)和技術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)作為研究的對象。供應(yīng)商有傾向引進(jìn)技術(shù)以主宰集群 ,尤其是資本貨物和中間產(chǎn)品。它一般相互作用于供應(yīng)商或用戶 ,例如硬件和軟件行業(yè)。 Timisoara 和 Montebelluna 出席了歐洲地區(qū)以知識為基礎(chǔ)的創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)會議的情況 (艾里克 )、布魯塞爾、 2020 年 5 月 10 日至 11 日 產(chǎn)業(yè)集群項目 , 2020, 在 Tokai 地區(qū)的制造業(yè)項目創(chuàng)造 , 2020 年 3 月 5 日 ? Mitsui, Itsutomo, 2020 全球化時代產(chǎn)業(yè)集群政策和區(qū)域在東西方的發(fā)展方法及它們之間的差異。越南 ,河內(nèi) 五月 22 日至 26 日 ? Sonobe, Tetsushi dan Otsuka, Keijiro, 2020, 在發(fā)展中國家基于產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的工業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略與國際上先進(jìn)的基礎(chǔ)研究。通過創(chuàng)新 競爭與學(xué)習(xí) , 聯(lián)合國工業(yè)發(fā)展組織 (UNIDO)