【正文】 their employees at discount prices. This generates great incentives for employees to buy mercial housing from their work units. Work units pay the price gap between market value and discount prices. This price gap also represents an additional gain for employees at the expense of the work units. The involvement of work units as mediators also drives developers to build highstandard housing. The priority ruling for weak tenants point in this direction， the central supervision of allocation and the priority given to home ownership are signs for such a the other hand， there are clear signs of what could be called a unitary or a general survey results show that the social rental sector is of relatively good quality and appreciated by the tenants， even better then the private rental ， the Flemish social sector is not a safety targeting primarily the most vulnerable people. It would appear from the above research， that the areas in need of themost immediate attention are for a more integrated approach to the dual imperatives of shelter provision， and sustainable job creation and empowerment in the building needs to be reflected in both the shaping and implementation of policy at all levels of government， and through a feedback system which acknowledges the experience and perceptions of other key support of the mitment of such private sector anisations in fulfilling the broader objectives of the reconstruction programme should see greater nurturing by policy makers if their invaluable contribution is to be continued. Likewise， greater exchange of experience and techniques between private sector roleplayers， policy makers， academics and beneficiaries should be encouraged through the facilitation of publication and discussion should be given the support and publicity that gives high profile accessibility to the various areas of debate if the problems are not to stagnate， as has characterised these fields over the last 25 years and more. Source:SIEN and WINTERS ,OPEN ACCESS:The future of Flemish social housing (2021) 23:215–230 譯文： 佛蘭 德 社會住房的未來 比利時的社會保障住房建設(shè)已經(jīng)超過一百年的歷史，它引領(lǐng)了 80 年代以來的房屋政策改革。社會住房供給主要由私人在相當(dāng)嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)管制度組織。文章結(jié)尾的進(jìn)行了政策選擇的討論。也就是很多人在文獻(xiàn)中提到的經(jīng)濟(jì)適用房。例如，可以參照社會住房租賃和購買兩種。 社會住房在不同國家有不同的類型，作為一個普遍性的社會住房和安全網(wǎng)模型都是杰出的例子。其二，以社會需求為目標(biāo)，并在一個更大的公共干預(yù)的程度上把握房屋的價格和質(zhì)量。這樣做的目的是描述在這些國家的社會租房部門不同的特點(diǎn)，為搜索差異和雙和單一模式的跡象提供 在荷蘭和英國，社會出租行業(yè)中占有較大的市場 份額，即 35％和 20％的住房是社會出租房。英國和荷蘭房屋租用之間的一個區(qū)別是，前者是社會部門在履行安全網(wǎng)功能，后者社會部門是溝通眾多目標(biāo)群體的橋梁。住房是建立并保持與補(bǔ)貼一段時間，他們也負(fù)擔(dān)得起的住房的分 配規(guī)則的主體。 從 1992 年“國家房屋論壇”的討論文件到最近的法案，房屋政策的形成過程顯示出：針對之前處在次要地位的國家房屋的全面解決方案和僵化的、官僚的現(xiàn)行框架模式，政策都作出了快速持續(xù)的改善。可爭辯的東西還是存在的，不管是“重建與發(fā)展項目（ RDP）”或“房屋白皮書”在政策方面的變動反應(yīng)出的政府和房屋署的政策，還是在“重建與發(fā)展項（ RDP）”完成的目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)被隨后的財政制約所審核。另外，市場機(jī)制可以實(shí)現(xiàn)股權(quán)在不同的買主和賣主之間轉(zhuǎn)化。 據(jù)說最重要的優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于市場機(jī)制的競爭的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，正如模式的交流和刺激 (彼得斯， 1996)。國家干預(yù)被認(rèn)為是弊多于利 (博耶， 1996)。 弗拉得社會住房今天不能簡單地對號入座。另一方面，有什么可稱為明顯標(biāo)志并且是單一且通用模型？調(diào)查結(jié)果表明，社會廉租房有相對良好的質(zhì)量，在居民中也有很好的口碑。私營部門組織致力于完成更廣大的重建項目的目標(biāo)，而這些私營部門組織決議的支持者必須預(yù)見到政策制定者所造成的更大的環(huán)境因素，如果它們無價值的貢獻(xiàn)繼續(xù)下去的話