【正文】 cation Authority abolished? it refased to carry out educational reform. it limited school enrollment to a certain district. it failed to follow the national curriculum. it applied to get out of control by local authorities. 10 P278P3（電魚） ① The idea of a fish being able to generate electricity strong enough to light lamp bulbs—or even to run a small electric motor—is almost unbelievable, but several kinds of fish are able to do this. Even more strangely, this curious power has been acquired in different ways by fish belonging to very different families. ② Perhaps the best known are the electric rays, or torpedoes(電魚 ), of which several kinds live in warm seas. 【 They possess on each side of the head, behind the eyes, a large an consisting of a number of hexagonal shaped cells rather like a honeyb. The cells are filled with a jellylike substance, and contain a series of flat electric plates. One side, the negative side, of each plate, is supplied with very fine nerves, connected with a main nerve ing from a special part of the brain. Current passes from the upper, positive side of the an downwards to the negative, lower side.】 Generally it is necessary to touch the fish in two places, pleting the circuit, in order to receive a shock. 7. Usually you will not get a shock by touching the electric ray in one place only because ____. the current in one place is not strong enough to give a shock the fish‘s electric cells are filled with jellylike substance to plete the circuit, you have to touch the fish in two places a torpedo‘s electric cells contain more than one electric plates ③ The strength of this shock depends on the size of the fish, but newly born ones only about 5 centimeters across can be made to light the bulb of a pocket flashlight for a few moments, while a fully grown torpedo gives a shock capable of knocking a man down, and, if suitable wires are connected, will operate a small electric motor for several minutes. 8. The main idea of the third paragraph is that ____. a mature torpedo is capable of producing enough electricity to knock down a man B. the mass of the fish decides the intensity of electric power it generates the strength of shock given by a young electric ray can only light the bulb of a pocket flashlight to make full use of the energy produced by electric fish, suitable wires should be available ④ Another famous example is the electric eel. This fish gives an even more powerful shock. The system is different from that of the torpedo in that the electric plates run longitudinally(縱向 )and are supplied with nerves from the spinal(脊骨 )cord. Consequently, the current passes along the fish from head to tail. The electric ans of these fish are really altered muscles and like all muscles are apt (likely) to tire, so they are not able to produce electricity for very long. 9. The reason why the electric eel is able to give more powerful shock is that ____. the working system of the electric plates in the eel is the most effective the working system of the electric plates in the eel is far inferior to those in the torpedo pared with those in the torpedo, the working system of electric plates in the eel is more direct and efficient pared with other electric fish, the eel possesses much more electric plates ⑤ The power of producing electricity may serve these fish both for defense and attack.6. It can be seen from the passage that ____. the capacity to generate electricity is the distinctive characteristic of the fish the current travels in an upward direction from the positive side to negative side in torpedo‘s electric cells some fish can produce enough electricity to drive a number of electric motors D. the torpedo’s electric cells have a shape with six sides ideal title for this passage is ____. 11 The Eel B. Torpedo C. Electric Fish D. Electric Power electricity 發(fā)電 ...in different ways 以不同方式獲得? 擁有 side 負極的一面 side 正極的一面 substance 果凍一樣的物質(zhì) centimeters across 五厘米寬 down 擊倒，撞倒 current 電流 apt to 易于?的，有?傾向的 P312P2（太陽黑子 ） ★★ It seems to shine unchangingly, pouring out a constant level of light year after year. But the sun may not be nearly so stable as we suppose. It is now thought to move quickly and irregularly and change in longterm cycles, growing dimmer and then brighter with each passing year. Some even fear that its frequent changing behavior could have a great influence on the Earth39。 and of the skin, after 6 to 12 hours. A) kidney is one of the most delicate B) brain is more delicate D) many people are w Although the shorter the time the an is deprived of its blood supply the better, the cornea(角膜 )can be removed for grafting(移植 )at relative leisure, but …. 34. Which of the following ans can survive the longest? A) Livers B) Lungs C) Hearts … .For a kidney to be preserved from 48 to 72 hours, a plicated machine is required to provide artificial circulation. To keep a kidney undamaged for longer than 72 hours is difficult. Blood cells, spermatozoa(精子 )and certain other dissociated tissue cells can be frozen to subzero temperatures and kept alive indefinitely. 35. A) can help preserve kidneys without d Special preserving fluids will prevent cell destruction by icecrystals, but these fluids have damaging effects if introduced into whole ans 33. B) A dead kidney can be made to live after blood is reinfused into its blood ve 7 P320P4（雪崩） Death es quickly in the mountains. Each winter holidaymakers are caught unconscious as they happily ski away from the fixed runs, little realizing that a small avalanche can send them crashing in a bonebreaking fall down the slope and leave them buried u