【正文】 at is to be tolerated? C. Is Tolerance a Virtue? D. Should people be tolerant? D Do you often take exercise? Exercise may help to safeguard the mind against depression(沮喪 ) through previously unknown effects on working muscles, according to a new study involving mice. Mental health experts have long been aware that even mild, repeated stress can contribute to the development of depression and other mood disorders in animals and people. Scientists have also known that exercise seems to cushion against depression. But precisely how exercise, a physical activity can reduce someone’s risk for depression, a mood state, has been mysterious. So for the new study, researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm studied the brains and behavior of mice in a plicated and novel fashion. We can’t ask mice if they are feeling cheerful or in low spirits. Instead, researchers have pictured certain behaviors that indicate depression in mice. If animals lose weight, stop seeking out a sugar solution when it’s available — because, probably, they no longer experience normal pleasures — or give up trying to escape from the coldwater zone just freeze in place, they are categorized as depressed. And in the new experiment, after five weeks of frequent but lowlevel stress, such as being lightly shocked, mice displayed exactly those behaviors. They became depressed. The scientists could then have tested whether exercise blunts (延緩 ) the risk of developing depression after stress by having mice run first. But, frankly, from earlier research, they wanted to know how, so they bred preexercised mice. A wealth of earlier research by these scientists and others had shown that aerobic exercise, in both mice and people, increases the production within muscles of an enzyme (酶 ) called PGC1alpha. The Karolinska scientists suspected（懷疑） that this enzyme somehow creates conditions within the body that protect the brain against depression. Then, the scientists exposed the animals, which without exercising, were in high levels of PGC1alpha to five weeks of mild stress. The mice responded with slight symptoms of worry. But they did not develop depression. They continued to seek out sugar and fought to get out of the coldwater zone. Their high levels of PGC1alpha appeared to make them depressionresistant（抵抗的） . Finally, to ensure that these findings are relevant to people, the researchers had a group of adult volunteers plete three weeks of frequent endurance training, consisting of 40 to 50 minutes of moderate cycling or jogging. The scientists conducted muscle biopsies (活體檢查 ) before and after the program and found that by the end of the three weeks, the volunteers’ muscle cells contained substantially more PGC1alpha than at the study’s start. The finding of these results, in the simplest terms, is that “you reduce the risk of getting depression when you exercise,” said Maria Lindskog, a researcher at the Karolinska Institute. 32. The researchers at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm conducted the new study hoping to know ________. A. if exercise cushions against depression B. what can lead to depression in animals and people C. if stress can contribute to the development of depression D. how exercise contributes to reducing someone’s risk for depression can infer from the new experiment conducted by researchers at the Karolinska Institute that mice are depressed except when ________. A. they stand still in place B. they stop searching for the sugar water C. they attempt to escape from the coldwater zone D. they can’t experience normal pleasures any longer asked a group of adult volunteers to plete three weeks of frequent endurance training in order to ________. A. know if exercise can help to safeguard the mind against depression B. confirm the findings above are also relevant to people C. ensure they can lose weight after moderate cycling or jogging D. know if they can endure 40 to 50 minutes of moderat e cycling or jogging can be concluded from the passage that ________. A. the enzyme called PGC1alpha helps to reduce depression B. athletes are more likely to develop depression than ordinary people C. the mice with high levels of PGC1alpha are easier to develop depression D. in the past mental health specialists didn’t know exercise could help reduce depression 第二節(jié)（共 5 小題：每小題 2 分，滿分 10 分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。t hurt my feelings or make me feel alone. I lost a friend, but I am a happier person now. 24. The writer thought Jennifer_________. A. far too outstanding to match B. too selfcentered C. rather annoying and dull D. the right one to make friends with 25. What does the expression something snapped mean? A. The writer and Jennifer broke up. B. The writer and Jennifer hated each other. C. Jennifer treated the writer worse. D. The writer felt mad about losing Jennifer. 26. The writer decided to break up with Jennifer because_________. A. Jennifer spoke ill of her behind her back B. Jennifer had hurt her feelings C. she had made other friends D. other girls were sweeter and friendlier than Jennifer 27. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The writer now regrets losing her friend Jennifer. B. The writer still gets upset when left out occasionally. C. The writer enjoys more than just one friendship. D. The writer39。d walk right past me as if they couldn39。 Godshill C. The Bay Hotel＆ Willapark Manor Hotel D. Willapark Manor Hotel amp。 13. What usually happens to the woman’s resolutions? [來源 :Z x x k .Co m] A. She fets what they are. B. She can’t stick with them. C. She finds them effective. 14. When did the woman make her New Year’s resolution about TV? A. One month ago. B. Four months ago