【正文】 lassification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a fivevolume report, the last volume being published in 1895. proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on ______. A) an academic aspect B) a military aspect C) a business aspect D) an international aspect 正確答案是 12. It was ______ that asked Maury for help in oceanographic studies. A) the American Navy B) some early intercontinental travelers C) those who earned a living from the sea D) the pany which proposed to lay an undersea cable 正確答案是 aim of the voyages Maury was responsible for in the 1840 was ______. A) to make some sounding experiments in the oceans B) to collect samples of sea plants and animals C) to estimate the length of cable that was needed D) to measure the depths of the two oceans 正確答案是 14. Defied in the 5th paragraph probably means ______. A) doubted B) gave proof to C) challenged D) agreed to 正確答案是 passage is mainly about ______. A) the beginnings of oceanography B) the laying of the first undersea cable C) the investigation of ocean depths D) the early intercontinental munications 正確答案是 Passage 4 Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called 39。s attitudes account for much of the upsurge in cheating. Twenty years ago if a person cheated in college, society said: That is extremely serious, you will be dropped for a semester if not kicked out permanently, he says. Nowadays, at the University of Nebraska, for example, it is the stated policy of the College of Arts and Sciences that if a student cheats in an exam, the student must receive an F on what he cheated in. That39。re suffering a moral breakdown, Pinkard says. We39。t get by behaving within the rules, and you want it badly enough you39。 Cloze Directions: There are 10 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Passage 1 You want something you can39。s how Ladd Wheeler, psychology professor at the University of Rochester in New York, defines cheating. Many experts believe cheating is on the rise. We39。s interest. He does, however, see less cheating among the youngest students. Richard Dienstbier, psychology professor at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln, believes that society39。t get something in a right way C) it is not very likely to be revealed D) a series of things have to be dealt with 正確答案是 3. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A) It is fivable to cheat unless money is involved. B) There has been an increase in cheating. C) Most cheaters are college students. D) Cheaters do not feel guilty and regretful. 正確答案是 4. What can be inferred from the passage? A) Cheating is widespread because society is too tolerant. B) Cheating is the result of intense pressure. C) Cheating is cheating, whether in a test or on any other occasions. D) Cheating es together with civilization. 正確答案是 5. Which of the following could best replace the word flunk (Para. 5, Line. 3)? A) Fear. B) Be pleased. C) Succeed. D) Fail. 正確答案是 Passage 2 Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons, painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington . is planning to repeat Japan39。 plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to isolate the germ he thought ,was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who claimed that the huskless rice, even though left over by the patients, was too good for chickens. It should be recooked and the chickens fed on cheap, coarse rice with the outer covering still on the grain. Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating unmilled rice somehow prevented or cured beriberi even that a lack of some ingredient in the husk might be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beriberi was shortly afterwards isolated from rice husks and is now known as vitamin B. The milled rice, though more expensive, was in fact perpetuating the disease the hospital was trying to cure. Nowadays, this terrible disease is much less mon thanks to our knowledge of vitamins. 16. Deficiencies of the various vitamins ______. A) cause identical diseases B) are not serious except in the case of vitamin C C) cause different diseases D) are often caused by scurvy 正確答案是 17. Fresh fruit and vegetables ______. A) contain more vitamin C than any other food B) decrease our resistance to colds C) contain every kind of vitamin D) increase our susceptibility to influenza 正確答案是 18. The disease 39。 food D) were suffering from vitamin deficiency 正確答案是 20. The ingredient missing from milled rice ______. A) was vitamin B B) did not affect the chickens C) was named the Eijkman vitamin D) has never been accurately identified 正確答案是 Passage 5 The idea of testtube babies may make you starryeyed with delight at the wonders of modern medicine or blearyeyed with considering the moral/legal implications of starting life in a laboratory. But if you39。t know for sure because the numbers are so small. The proportion of girls to boys is high, but until there are many more testtube babies no one will know whether that39。s job is to calculate ______. A) how safe the plane is B) how strong each