【正文】 e circuit, D/A switching circuit and display circuit and so on. The method of software planning for it is also discussed. For the software part， with the introduction of modular design concept some procedure flow charts of main program subroutine are offered. The paper designs the software which achieves the functions， such as install parameters, download parameters， startup stop accelerate and decelerate. This new family of STC enables costeffective design of controllers for DC motors which can fulfill more conditions， consisting of Fewer system ponents, lower system cost and increased performances. Aiming at the characteristic of bed environment and serious disturbance， many Kinds of software and hardware technology are applied to improve systematic Antiinterference ability， which prehensively improve systematic dependability and practicability. It has been proved by experiments that this system can make the high precise and multiple speed motor control e true. Stepping out the performance index is realized. Now this system has been put into experiment. Key Words: DC Motor， MCU， Multiple Speeds Control 1 目 錄 摘 要 ........................................................................................................................ 1 Abstract ........................................................................................................................... 3 引 言 ........................................................................................................................ 1 1 緒論 ............................................................................................................................ 2 引言 .................................................................................................................. 2 異步電動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng) .............................................................................. 2 直流電機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng) .................................................................................. 2 同步電動(dòng)機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng) .............................................................................. 2 直流電機(jī)調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展 ................................................................................ 2 本文所做的主要工作 ........................................................................................ 4 2 系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................. 5 直流電機(jī)的能量轉(zhuǎn)化和特性曲線 .................................................................... 5 系統(tǒng)總體方案 ................................................................................................... 7 系統(tǒng)選型 ........................................................................................................... 8 直流電機(jī)選型 ......................................................................................... 8 光電數(shù)字編碼器 ..................................................................................... 9 伺服放大器選型 ..................................................................................... 9 D/A 轉(zhuǎn)換器芯片選擇 ............................................................................... 9 單片機(jī)選型 ..................................................................................................... 10 STC89C51 性能及特點(diǎn) .......................................................................... 11 本章小結(jié) ......................................................................................................... 11 3 硬件電路設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................................................... 12 引言 ................................................................................................................ 12 直流伺服放大器連接電路 .............................................................................. 12 電源電路 ......................................................................................................... 13 基準(zhǔn)電壓電路 ................................................................................................. 13 單片機(jī)與上位機(jī)串行通訊接口電路 ............................................................... 14 2 復(fù)位和時(shí)鐘電路 ............................................................................................. 16 顯示和鍵盤輸入電路 ...................................................................................... 17 轉(zhuǎn)速測(cè)量電路設(shè)計(jì) ......................................................................................... 18 光電編碼器 ........................................................................................... 19 整形辨相電路 ....................................................................................... 19 本章小結(jié) ......................................................................................................... 20 4 軟件設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................... 21 引言 ................................................................................................................ 21 模糊 PID 調(diào)速 ................................................................................................. 21 模糊控制過程 ....................................................................................... 21 調(diào)速系統(tǒng)的模糊控制模型 .................................................................... 25 轉(zhuǎn)速環(huán)模糊控制器的設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................... 25 直流電機(jī)多速控制器的軟件設(shè)計(jì) .................................................................. 25 系統(tǒng)主程序 ........................................................................................... 26 延時(shí)子程序 ........................................................................................... 27 鍵盤掃描子程序 ................................................................................... 28 按鍵查詢子程序 ..................................................................................