美國汽車市場-全文預覽
【正文】 低于 1500萬輛，比 2023年銷售下降 100多萬輛 2 至 1998年以來，美國的輕型轎車銷售量從未低于 1600萬輛 4 來源：美國和亞洲汽車制造實踐對比 2. 汽車流通模式：美國 VS 亞洲 1 美國中間商少，利潤高：生產商－ distribution center（配送中心）－經銷商 2 亞洲中間商多，利潤低：生產商－一級中間商－二級中間商－最終經銷商 5 Schenker AG BAX Global Customer Understanding Marketing Product Innovation Design Inbound Logistics Supply of Parts Supply of Components Aftermarket Services Car Sales Delivery to market Final Car Assembly Tier 3 Supplier Importer/Dealer Supply of Modules/ Systems Tier 2 Supplier 一級 供應商 制造商 Tier 0 Supplier Finished Goods Distribution Production Supply Logistics Global Sourcing Logistics After Sales Logistics Supply Chain Management Solutions / Value Added Services Mfc. 美國汽車物流 LSP 6 Schenker AG BAX Global 3 美國整車物流的運作模式（以 Ford 和 Honda為例） OEM的采購流程 3PL for Ford － Penske Worldwide Logistics － FedEx － Autogistics（ Ford和 UPS的合資企業(yè) ） IT ： Unixbased Logistics system 3PL for Honda － CSX transportation and BNSF （ railway） OEM的決策因素 － 縮短運輸時間 － 使用（ OTD） 7 Schenker AG BAX Global Service 2023 2023 2023 Forwarding Price/Rates Price/Rates Risk Aversion Risk Aversion Quality Process Optimization Process Optimization Quality Financial Stability References References Financial Stability NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers 20% 20% of forwarding RFQs have increased their focus on process optimization Forwarding is still predominately price driven 8 Schenker AG BAX Global NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers Service 2023 2023 2023 Warehousing/JIS/ Assy Price/Rates Price/Rates Risk Aversion Process Optimization Quality Quality Financial Stability References Process Optimization Risk Aversion References References 73% of decisions are based on process optimization initiatives proposed in the initial bidding Fixed “Wall/people/process, IT” are open for optimization at bidding phase 73% 9 Schenker AG BAX Global NAFTA Automotive Logistic Challenges Service 2023 2023 2023 IT (Visibility Tooling) Quality Quality Process Optimization Process Optimization Risk Aversion Risk Aversion References References Price/Rates Price/Rates Financial Stability Financial Stability LP Win/Loss Analysis Based On Customer Decision Drivers No change in decision priority. Implementation timing guarantees and startup cost models alternatives linked to top three 10 Schenker AG BAX Global DB Group* ? DB AG management holding pany ? Vertically integrated group structure ? Rating: Aa1 / AA Revenues (€ bn) (Addition BAX) Employees ? No. 1 in European rail passenger transport ? No. 1 in European public urban transport ? No. 1 in German bus transport Passenger Transport Revenues (€ bn) Employees 53,800 ? Largest rail track infrastructure in Europe ? No. 1 car sharing pany in Germany ? No. 1 bicycle hire pany in Europe Track infrastructure and Service Revenues (€ bn) Employees 84,900 ? No. 1 in European rail freight transport ? No. 1 in European land transport ? No. 2 in air freight ? N
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