第二章旅游的產生與發(fā)展-全文預覽
【正文】 gave new impetus to travel, especially by the wealthier classes. Travel exploded with the automobile, not because of roads but because it opened up new markets. For the first time, a personalized form of transportation became available to the middle and lower classes. ? Working men and working women—— factory operatives, plumbers, waitresses, bank clerks, farm hands, stenographers, storekeepers, subway guards, mill hands, garment workers, office boys, truck drivers— found countless pleasures and amusement readily available that had once been restricted to the privileged few. ? Whereas the recreational tourist trip represented the first surge of automobile use, sales and other business people began to popularize the flexibility of automobile business travel. ? But it took jet travel to shrink the world and expose a new abundance and mosaic of travel markets. Records have demonstrated that regardless of economic shifts over many decades, the desire to seek out travel experiences has continued to grow worldwide. Travel, for many reasons, now has bee almost a right of life. Era Motivation Ability Mobility Preindustrial E x p l o r a t i o n a n d business Pilgrimagereligion Education Health Few tr a v e l e r s , th o s e involved were wealthy, influential or received permission Slow treacherous Industrial Positive impact of education, print, and radio Escape from city Colonial empires Higher ines More leisure time Organized tours Lower transport costs Reliable public transportation Consumer society Positive impact of visual munication Consumer society Escape from work routine Shorter work week M o r e d i s c r e t i o n a r y ine Mass marketing Package tours Growth of personal transportation F a s t e r a n d m o r e efficient transport Future Vacations a right and necessity C o m b i n e d w i t h business and learning Selfcatering Smaller families Two wage earners per household Demographic trends favor travel groups Alternative fuels M o r e e f f i c i e n t transportation Greater use of public t r a n s p o r t a n d package deals 第二章 旅游的產生與發(fā)展 第一節(jié) 十九世紀中葉以前的旅行發(fā)展 第二節(jié) 近代旅游的發(fā)展和旅游業(yè)的誕生 第三節(jié) 現(xiàn)代旅游的發(fā)展 第四節(jié) 中國旅游業(yè)的產生與發(fā)展 第一節(jié) 十九世紀中葉以前的旅行發(fā)展 （ Evolution of tourism before mid of 19 century) 一 、 人類旅行的起源 原始社會前期 新石器時
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