【正文】 m I/O interfaces for industrial applications using addon software, such as the NI LabVIEW FPGA Module.With the LabVIEW FPGA Module and reconfigurable I/O (RIO) hardware, National Instruments delivers an intuitive, accessible solution for incorporating the flexibility and customizability of FPGA technology into industrial PAC systems. You can define the logic embedded in FPGA chips across the family of RIO hardware targets without knowing lowlevel hardware description languages (HDLs) or boardlevel hardware design details, as well as quickly define hardware for ultrahighspeed control, customized timing and synchronization, lowlevel signal processing, and custom I/O with analog, digital, and counters within a single device. You also can integrate your custom NI RIO hardware with image acquisition and analysis, motion control, and industrial protocols, such as CAN and RS232, to rapidly prototype and implement a plete PAC system.1 Introduction You can use graphical programming in LabVIEW and the LabVIEW FPGA Module to configure the FPGA (fieldprogrammable gate array) on NI RIO devices. RIO technology, the merging of LabVIEW graphical programming with FPGAs on NI RIO hardware, provides a flexible platform for creating sophisticated measurement and control systems that you could previously create only with customdesigned hardware.An FPGA is a chip that consists of many unconfigured logic gates. Unlike the fixed, vendordefined functionality of an ASIC (applicationspecific integrated circuit) chip, you can configure and reconfigure the logic on FPGAs for your specific application. FPGAs are used in applications where either the cost of developing and fabricating an ASIC is prohibitive, or the hardware must be reconfigured after being placed into service. The flexible, softwareprogrammable architecture of FPGAs offer benefits such as highperformance execution of custom algorithms, precise timing and synchronization, rapid decision making, and simultaneous execution of parallel tasks. Today, FPGAs appear in such devices as instruments, consumer electronics, automobiles, aircraft, copy machines, and applicationspecific puter hardware. While FPGAs are often used in industrial control products, FPGA functionality has not previously been made accessible to industrial control engineers. Defining FPGAs has historically required expertise using HDL programming or plex design tools used more by hardware design engineers than by control engineers.With the LabVIEW FPGA Module and NI RIO hardware, you now can use LabVIEW, a highlevel graphical development environment designed specifically for measurement and control applications, to create PACs that have the customization, flexibility, and highperformance of FPGAs. Because the LabVIEW FPGA Module configures custom circuitry in hardware, your system can process and generate synchronized analog and digital signals rapidly and deterministically. Many of the NI RIO devices that you can configure using the LabVIEW FPGA Module.2 NIRIO Hardware for PACs Historically, programming FPGAs has been limited to engineers who have indepth knowledge of VHDL or other lowlevel design tools, which require overing a very steep learning curve. With the LabVIEW FPGA Module, NI has opened FPGA technology to a broader set of engineers who can now define FPGA logic using LabVIEW graphical development. Measurement and control engineers can focus primarily on their test and control application, where their expertise lies, rather than the lowlevel semantics of transferring logic into the cells of the chip. The LabVIEW FPGA Module model works because of the tight integration between the LabVIEW FPGA Module and the mercial offtheshelf (COTS) hardware architecture of the FPGA and surrounding I/O ponents.National Instruments PACs provide modular, offtheshelf platforms for your industrial control applications.