土木工程專業(yè)-外文翻譯-將玻璃鋼外套用于鋼筋混凝土框架結構抗震加固的最優(yōu)設計-全文預覽
【正文】 FRP)。 Seismic retrofit。FRPjacketed regions of column for seismic retrofit.This study considers an RC framed structure with Nc columns, Nb beams, and hence 2(Nc4Lci(Bi and Lci is the length of the primary confinement region at each end of the ith column, which should be the largest of the plastic hinge length, and % of member length [5] and [21]. In practical implementation, a secondary confinement region adjacent to the primary confinement region should also be confined but with the FRP jacket thickness reduced to half of that in the primary confinement region. The amount of FRP required for confining the secondary confinement region is not further considered in this paper.。Di)ρ。Nb) potential plastic hinges (assuming one hinge at each end of each member). The column is assumed to have a rectangular crosssection, with width Bi and depth Di. Seismic retrofit is achieved with FRP confinement of the potential plastic hinge regions of each column, as shown in Fig. 1. Only the thicknesses of the FRP jackets required for confinement of the plastic hinges are considered as design variables in this study.This approach is realistic and also reduces the design problem to a manageable size. The jacket thicknesses required for shear resistance and for confinement of lap splices are first calculated for each member [5], but these thicknesses are not taken into account in the optimal design procedure presented in this paper. In practical implementation of the seismic retrofit strategy, for any potential plastic hinge region in a column, the total thickness of the FRP jacket should be the sum of those determined for the three failure modes, respectively [5]. This represents a conservative but realistic approach given the current stage of knowledge. The design variables in the optimization process are therefore the thicknesses, ti, of the FRP jackets required for confinement of the plastic hinges in each member. For a given type of FRP material, if the topology of the structure is predefined and each column is assumed to have the same FRP jacket thickness and the same length of the confined region at both ends, the total material cost of the FRP posite used for column confinement is given by(1)where wi is the cost coefficient for the FRP posite, wi these issues include the strengthening of beams, columns and beamcolumn joints to prevent brittle failure modes such as shear failure to bee critical using external FRP reinforcement or other appropriate methods。 Pushover analysis。 ρ為單位體積的玻璃鋼復合材料的費用。= [1],[3],[9],[10]和[11]. 考慮在橫向地震荷載下多層構件彈性、非彈性變化對構件進行經濟設計是相當有難度的、具有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務[12] 橫向側移設計尤為艱巨,因為它需要考慮在嚴重的地震中適當分配各構件剛度而,以及各構件塑性內力重分布. 在缺乏自動優(yōu)化技術情況下、 鋼筋的等級的數(shù)量是基于直覺和經驗來設計的[12]. 需要一個優(yōu)化設計方法是顯而易見的, 過去數(shù)幾十年間動態(tài)結構優(yōu)化一直積極研究的課題。為了減少結構在強震倒塌的風險, 這就迫切需要提升現(xiàn)有的鋼筋混凝土建筑物的抗震性能,以符合現(xiàn)行抗震設計規(guī)范. 鋼筋混凝土建筑物的抗震加固的缺陷可能涉及的地區(qū)加強針對性,增強實力 剛度和/或提高結構延性、或提供多余承載機制. 一般來說,各種技巧可以結合運用在結構的抗震加固. 具體加固改造策略選擇的目標應該是基于經濟考慮 [1] 加固設計應以在
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