【正文】 cry, weep, sob, whimper, moan glisten, glitter, flash, shimmer, sparkle 3. Paraphrasing some sentences 4. Identifying figures of speech VI. Questions 1. Orwell shows the poverty of the natives in at least five ways. Identify them. 2. Could paragraphs 47 just as well e after 815 as before? Why or why not? 3. Does this essay give readers a new insight into imperialism? 4. Comment on Orwell’s lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details. 選用教材：由張漢熙主編、外語教學(xué)與研究出版社出版的《高級英語》第二冊 Unit 3: Pub Talk and King’s English by Henry Fairlie I. Additional Background Knowledge 1. pub/pubfriends 2. Dumas/Three Musketeers 3. Carlyle 4. Charles Lamb II. Introduction to the Passage 1. Type of literature: a piece of exposition 2. The thesis 3. What makes a good conversation 4. Seemingly loose organization title transitional paragraph digression 5. Highly informal language abundance of simple idiomatic expressions cheeked by jowl with copious literary and historical allusions a mixed metaphor in paragraph 2 III. Effective Writing Skills: 1. deliberately writing this essay in a conversational style to suit the theme 2. making effective use of specific verbs IV. Rhetorical Devices: 1. metaphor 2. mixed metaphor 3. simile V. Special Difficulties 1. Idiomatic expressions: be on the rocks get up on the wrong side of the bed be on wings turn up one’s nose at sth. into th。 Unit 1: Face to Face with Hurricane Camille by Joseph P. Blank I. Additional Background Knowledge 1. Hurricane。能欣賞文章中的寫作技巧及結(jié)構(gòu). Unit Nine: Mark TwainMirror of America I. Additional Background Knowledge 1. Mark Twain 2. Tramp printer 3. Confederate guerrilla 4. Philippine Moros II. Rhetorical Devices: 1. Antithesis 2. Alliteration 3. Personification III. Special Difficulties 1. pound nouns and pound adjectives 2. Paraphrasing some sentences 3. Identifying figures of speech 4. Translating some sentences IV. Effective Writing Skills: 1. The requirements of writing a summary 2. Using many elliptical and short, simple sentences to achieve certain effect V. Questions 1. Why is Mark Twain one of America’s bestloved authors? 2. Give a brief account of Mark Twain’s experience before he became a writer. 3. When did Mark Twain bee a pilot on a steamboat?4. What story did he write that made him known as “the wild humorist of the Pacific slope”? 選用教材：由張漢熙主編、外語教學(xué)與研究出版社出版的《高級英語》第一冊 Unit Ten: The Trial That Rocked the World I. Additional Background Knowledge 1. Henry Louis Mencken 2. William Jennings Bryan 3. United States Law II. Effective Writing Skills: 1. making effective use of specific verbs 2. making effective use of description III. Rhetorical Devices: 1. hyperbole 2. transferred epithet 3. synecdoche 4. ridicule IV. Specific Difficulties: 1. runon sentences 2. unnecessary shifts in point of view 3. paraphrasing some sentences 4. identifying figures of speech V. Questions 1. How much do you know about the author from this article? 2. What do you think of the struggles between fundamentalists and modernists? 3. Why was so much attention paid to this trial in an outoftheway small town in the .? 4. Try to elaborate the views of Darrow and Malone and that of Bryan’s. 5. What have you learned about the Bible? 選用教材：由張漢熙主編、外語教學(xué)與研究出版社出版的《高級英語》第一冊 Unit Eleven：But What’s Dictionary For? I. Additional Background Knowledge 1. Abraham Lincoln 2. Civil Rights Movement 3. Leonard Bloomfield II. Effective Writing Skills: 1. making effective use of specific words 2. grasping the skill of outline writing III. Rhetorical Devices: 1. metonymy 2. synecdoche 3. sarcasm 4. alliteration IV. Specific Difficulties 1. identifying figures of speech 2. translating some sentences 3. paraphrasing some sentences 4. outline requirements V. Questions 1. What critical views did the popular press express on the publication of Webster’s Third New International Dictionary 2. How much effort and money was spent on the making of this dictionary? 3. Why are new dictionaries needed?