【正文】 Chapter IV Basic Research and Applied Basic Research Chapter V Research and Development Institutions Chapter VI Scientific and Technical Workers Chapter VII Measures to Guarantee Progress of Science and Technology Chapter VIII Science and Technology Awards Chapter IX Legal Liability Chapter X Supplementary Provisions Chapter I General Provisions Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution with a view to promoting progress of science and technology, assigning priority to the development of science and technology and bringing the role of science and technology as the primary productive force into full play in socialist modernization drive, so as to improve the service of science and technology to economic construction. Article 2 The State practises a basic guideline of basing economic construction and social development on science and technology and orienting undertakings of science and technology to economic construction and social development. Article 3 The State protects the freedom of scientific research, encourage scientific exploration and technological innovation so as to raise its science and technology to an advanced level in the world. The State and the whole society shall respect knowledge, esteem talent, value the creative work of scientific and technical workers, and protect intellectual property rights. Article 4 The State shall, in pliance with the demands of scientific and technological progress and the socialist market economy, restructure and improve the system of science and technology, and establish a mechanism capable of effectively integrating science and technology with economy. Article 5 The State shall encourage scientific research and technical development, popularize and apply the achievements made in science and technology, transform traditional industries, develop hightech industries, and enhance activities employing science and technology to serve economic construction and social development. Article 6 The State shall disseminate scientific and technological knowledge to raise the scientific and cultural level of all the citizens. The State shall encourage government organs, enterprises, institutions, social organizations and citizens to participate in and support activities aimed at progress of science and technology. Article 7 The State Council shall formulate scientific and technological development programmes, determine major scientific and technological projects and other major projects closely related to science and technology, and secure the coordination of scientific and technological progress with economic construction and social development. Opinions from scientific and technical workers shall be fully solicited in the course of formulating scientific and technological development programmes and important policies and determining major scientific and technological projects and major projects closely related to science and technology, and a principle of scientific decisionmaking process shall be followed. Article 8 The administrative department in charge of science and technology under the State Council shall be responsible for the macroscopic management and overall coordination of the nationwide work of science and technology. Other administrative departments concerned under the State Council shall be responsible for the relevant work of scientific and technological progress within the scope of their functions and responsibilities as prescribed by the State Council. Local people39。s governments at various levels shall encourage and support the development of mass science and technology organizations in rural areas, and render socialized scientific and technical services to plantation, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery before, during and after their production in a prehensive and systematic way. Article 17 The State shall rely on scientific and technological progress to develop industry, munications and transportation, post and telemunications, geological prospecting, construction and installation, merce and other trades, so as to enhance their economic results and social benefit. Article 18 The State shall encourage enterprises to establish and improve their technology development organizations, and also encourage them to join forces or cooperate with research and development institutions, and institutions of higher learning, with a view to increasing their capabilities in research and development, intermediate experiment, and industrial experiment. Article 19 Enterprises shall, in response to the demands of international and domestic markets, carry out technological transformation and equipment renewal, upgrade their level of scientific management and assimilate and develop new technology so as to strengthen their market petitiveness. Enterprises shall seek consultation and assessme