【正文】 ctors, using previous research results on the temperature of the main yes Temperature Real measured data for small heater model a mathematical model, it an order to determine the pure delay system. By analyzing a small heater model nonlinear, timevarying, large time delay, and so on. According to the traditional PID control and their own characteristics Dahlia, bined with the advantages of designing a PID controller Dahlia algorithm. This once again discussed in detail the system design and implementation, the virtual instrument and temperature control bined with LABVIEW Dahlia developed a set of selftuning PID control algorithm for temperature measurement and control instrument, by LABVIEW the MATLAB script node temperature PID control, while the front panel to achieve detection of realtime data, set PID parameters, the other for data preservation, false alarms and other functions. 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 第 III 頁 The final paper described a virtual instrument on the present and future importance of scientific research in instrument design LABVIEW intelligent humanmachine interface. While using LABVIEW in the MATLAB script node proved the power of the first order lag element for the object, Dahlia algorithm is superior to ordinary incremental PID control. Keywords: Virtual Instruments, PID control, small heater, Dahlia 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 第 IV 頁 目錄 1 緒論 .....................................................................................................................1 研究目的和研究意義 ................................................................................1 課題國內(nèi)外研究的現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................1 課題研究的主要內(nèi)容 ................................................................................2 2 虛擬儀器的概述 .................................................................................................3 虛擬儀器的概念 ........................................................................................3 LABVIEW 的概念 ....................................................................................3 LABVIEW 的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................5 本章小結(jié) ....................................................................................................6 3 溫度控制總體設(shè)計 .............................................................................................7 系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)的功能 ........................................................................................7 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的原則 ........................................................................................7 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的總體方案 ................................................................................9 下位機硬件的選擇 .......................................................................................9 上位機軟件開發(fā)平臺的選擇 .....................................................................13 本章小結(jié) ..................................................................................................14 4 被控對象的數(shù)學模型 .......................................................................................15 被控對象的機理法建模 ..........................................................................15 階躍響應(yīng)曲線法建模 ..............................................................................17 階躍響應(yīng)曲線的獲取 ...................................................................................17 實驗數(shù)據(jù) .....................................................................................................18 被控對象的傳遞函數(shù)求解 .........................................................................19 本章小結(jié) ..................................................................................................23 5 系統(tǒng)控制算法的研究 .........................................................................................25 PID 控制的概論 ......................................................................................25 數(shù)字 PID 控制技術(shù) .................................................................................26 東北大學秦皇島分校畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文） 第 V 頁 位置式 PID 控制算法 ..........................................................................26 增量式 PID 控制算法 .................................................................................28 大林算法 ..................................................................................................29 大林算法的基本形式 .................................................................................29 大林算法的設(shè)計目標 .................................................................................30 帶純滯后一階慣性對 象的大林算法 .........................................................31 大林算法的設(shè)計步驟 .................................................................................32 本章小結(jié) ..................................................................................................32 6 溫度測控儀表的軟件設(shè)計 ...............................................................................33 溫度測控儀表的軟件總體設(shè)計 ..............................................................33 LABVIEW 的串行通訊模塊設(shè)計 ........................................................33 串行通信基本功能模塊介紹 .....................................................................34 串行設(shè)計的基本步驟 .................................................................................35 數(shù)據(jù)分析處理模塊設(shè)計 ..........................................................................36 越限報警模塊設(shè)計 ........................................................................................36 數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)存儲模塊設(shè)計 ...................................................................................37 數(shù)據(jù)讀取 .......................................................................................................38 PID 控制器模塊設(shè)計 ............................................................................38 增量式 PID 控制器的程序流程 .................