【正文】 印機(jī)、繪圖儀、紙 帶穿孔機(jī)、讀卡機(jī)和數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換器。 ② At the same time， it uses this data to calculate production priorities and dynamically determine what work needs to be done next to ensure that the master production schedule is being properly executed. 同時(shí)，利用這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算出制造的先后次序、動(dòng)態(tài)地確定下一步要做的工作，從而保證重大生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃的正常執(zhí)行。設(shè)計(jì)者確定模具的尺寸、活動(dòng)件是否必要、冷卻線路的布局和澆道口的位置等，這些都跟零件的幾何圖形有關(guān)。以至于到 20世紀(jì) 80年代初期， CAD系統(tǒng)的制作和銷(xiāo)售已成工業(yè)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。 硅片上的集成電路使得在控制臺(tái)上被組裝起來(lái)的大規(guī)模集成計(jì)算機(jī)不比電視機(jī)大。計(jì)算機(jī)繪圖軟件緊跟硬件的發(fā)展而發(fā)展。現(xiàn)在圖形顯示只是每個(gè)CAD系統(tǒng)的一部分。 直到 20世紀(jì) 80年代，在工業(yè)基礎(chǔ)領(lǐng)域大量涌現(xiàn)的 CAD才開(kāi)始實(shí)用化。 無(wú)論是計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)還是計(jì)算機(jī)輔助繪圖系統(tǒng)， CAD系 都是由三個(gè)基本部 分組成 :硬件、軟件、用戶。工具設(shè)計(jì)者時(shí)常在兩個(gè)方面都有使用。 ③ CAD has been transformed from its status of impractical novelty to its new status as one of the most important inventions to date. CAD已經(jīng)從過(guò)去的華而不實(shí)變成如今最重要的發(fā)明之一。 本句為簡(jiǎn)單句，主語(yǔ)是 “ CAD puter aided drafting”， 謂語(yǔ)“ means”的賓語(yǔ)是 “ using the puter and peripheral devices to produce the documentation and graphics for the design process”。s， CAD was looked on as an interesting， but impractical novelty that had only limited potential in tool design applications. However， with the introduction of the silicon chip during the 197039。 Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE 圖 52 AutoCAD軟件的界面組成 Passage Two The Computer in Die Design 2 The term CAD is alternately used to mean puter aided design and puter aided drafting . Actually it can mean either one or both of these concepts， and the tool designer will have occasion to use it in both forms. CAD puter aided design means using the puter and peripheral devices to simplify and enhance the design process. CAD puter aided drafting means using the puter and peripheral devices to produce the documentation and graphics for the design process① . This documentation usually includes such things as preliminary drawings， working drawings， parts lists， and design calculations . Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE A CAD system， whether taken to mean puter aided design system or puter aided drafting system， consists of three basic ponents: hardware， software， and users. The hardware ponents of a typical CAD system include a processor， a system display， a keyboard， a digitizer， and a plotter . The software ponent of a CAD system consists of the programs which allow it to perform design and drafting functions. The user is the tool designer who uses the hardware and software to simplify and enhance the design process. The broad based emergence of CAD on an industry wide basis did not begin to materialize until the 198039。最后，從“文件”菜單中選擇“另存為”且輸入文件名，就可以保存圖形了。事實(shí)上，這個(gè)窗口就是設(shè)計(jì)者 的設(shè)計(jì)工作空間。設(shè)計(jì)者可在不同角度完全自由地縮放或察看模型，然后用基本的CAD軟件表達(dá)一系列的點(diǎn)、線、圓弧等設(shè)計(jì)。尺 寸和位置必須完全正確 譯 Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE ，這樣這些信息隨后就可以用來(lái)編制加工該零件的程序。如果需要改動(dòng)，工程師就從文件柜中取出原 始圖修改并復(fù)制，再將新圖送到車(chē)間。它通常用于工程部門(mén)，大大 改進(jìn)了這些部門(mén)的工作。 machine［ m i n］ 。 例如 :I will say this to you: He is an honest man. He felt ill. That is why he didn39。 provide ... for ...譯為“為 …… 提供 ……” 。 ③ The sizes and locations are all correct so that the information can be used later to create a program to machine the part. 尺寸和位置必須完全正確，這樣這些信息隨后就可以用來(lái)編制加工該零件的程序。Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE Passage One AutoCAD Passage Two The Computer in Die Design Passage Three CAD/CAM Passage Four Computer Integrated Manufacturing System Passage Five CAE Passage One AutoCAD 1 CAD① is a technique of using a puter to create， modify， and refine a design② . It， normally used in engineering departments， has greatly changed these departments. Drawings used to be made on paper with pencil or pen and drawing instruments . The drawings were very time intensive to produce. They were then copied， and the copies were sent to the floor for production. The originals were stored in large drawers. Even a small job shop could have thousands of large blueprints on file . If changes were necessary， the engineer would get the original out of the file drawer， make the changes， copy it， and send the new print to Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE the floor. Nowadays the puter can eliminate the need for all of the physical storage of prints. The puter also allows for rapid and easy modifications . The engineer or designer first draws the part on the screen of puter. This part drawing is the actual part geometry . The sizes and locations are all correct so that the information can be used later to create a program to machine the part③ . Actually， you can also draw the geometry of a workpiece with CAD software on a puter. You may create the design model by applying graphics mands stored in the puter. 1 is a typical part drawing interface of AutoCAD software. You have plete freedom to zoom and view the model at different Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE 1 A typical part drawing interface of AutoCAD Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE orientations and then represent the design as a set of points， lines， arcs， and so on by using basic CAD software. Actually， graphics editing mands allow for easy modifications as required. AutoCAD is a Computer Aided Design（ CAD） program used by just about every engineering and design office in the world. When you start AutoCAD， the AutoCAD window will open. The window is actually your design work space. How create a new drawing with AutoCAD? Firstly， you choose “New” from the“File” menu . The dialogue box will appear in the mand window underside of the AutoCAD window. Secondly， you can choose“Start from Scratch”， under “Select Default Setting” select“English” or“Metric”， and Unit Five CAD/CAM/CAE then choose“OK”. In this way， the drawing opens with the default AutoCAD setti