第8講全球化、民族國家與世界法治-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 y ? Here exist vastly differing views on the moral basis of sovereignty. A fundamental polarity is between theories that assert that sovereignty is vested directly in the sovereign by divine right or natural right, and theories that assert it is vested in the people. ? In the latter case there is a further division into those that assert that the people transfer their sovereignty to the sovereign (Hobbes), and those that assert that the people retain their sovereignty (Rousseau). ? Democracy is based on the concept of popular sovereignty. Representative democracies permit (against Rousseau39。簡言之，為 “ 自主自決 ” 的最高權(quán)威，也是 對內(nèi) 立法、司法、行政的權(quán)力來源， 對外 保持獨(dú)立自主的一種力量和意志。一些條文、概念、制度、活動(dòng)、技術(shù)、價(jià)值、主體？還是靜態(tài)的面向和動(dòng)態(tài)的面向；形式的面向和實(shí)質(zhì)的面向。 ? 【 討論思考 】 ? （ 1）國際秩序建立和維護(hù)依靠的是武力、經(jīng)濟(jì)還是法律？ ? （ 2）美國出兵伊拉克、阿富汗，俄國歸并克里米亞是符合正義的嗎？ ?
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