【正文】 結(jié)構(gòu)，加快以農(nóng)促牧，以牧創(chuàng)收的步伐，起到十分重要的作用，該項(xiàng)目結(jié)合項(xiàng)目地區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)綜合立體開發(fā)的生產(chǎn)實(shí)際，充分利用土地資源和水草資源優(yōu)勢，變資源優(yōu)勢為經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢，且投資回收期短，既有經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，又有社會效益，該項(xiàng)目無論從經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)方面，還是從社會效益與生態(tài)效益來看，都是可行的，建議上級主管部門盡快予以批復(fù)實(shí)施。第十三章 社會效益分析及移民受益情況本項(xiàng)目符合國家自然保護(hù)政策和產(chǎn)業(yè)政策指導(dǎo)思想，對調(diào)整農(nóng)村產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，培育新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長點(diǎn)，帶動農(nóng)民走上致富之路，提高人民身體素質(zhì)，促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展具有重要意義。二、層層責(zé)任落實(shí)保證項(xiàng)目的有序運(yùn)行。 產(chǎn)品銷售收入按2010年市場平均價(jià)格。 直接人工根據(jù)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模及實(shí)際需要人員72人。，流動資金投資200萬元。在對扶持聯(lián)結(jié)對象培訓(xùn)后，組建咨詢服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，在運(yùn)營過程中進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場技術(shù)指導(dǎo)。公司管理實(shí)行一人多職、多能、高薪、高效的用人機(jī)制。，以保證安全生產(chǎn)的需要。，按動物養(yǎng)殖業(yè)有關(guān)操作規(guī)程作業(yè)，并加強(qiáng)對員工的勞動安全教育和防火安全教育，建立健全各種規(guī)章制度。場區(qū)道路兩側(cè)載植樹木和草坪，美化環(huán)境。本項(xiàng)目對污水采用污水池進(jìn)行地下處理，對牛的糞便進(jìn)行發(fā)酵處理，機(jī)器噪音采用防護(hù)處理。再用電纜埋地或架空配至各用電處所。利用場內(nèi)的深水井與圈舍的給水管道連接，日供水量約4噸左右。人工授精繁育基本路線是購進(jìn)優(yōu)等的種牛凍精→目標(biāo)化配種→適時(shí)淘汰→規(guī)避近親→標(biāo)識分群→良性循環(huán)飼料搭配：粗飼料＞精飼料＞礦物質(zhì)比例適當(dāng)→定時(shí)→定量→水+飼料→人員固定→牛群靜態(tài)。第六章　生產(chǎn)工藝及種牛品種選擇本項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)模：引進(jìn)皮埃蒙特種牛凍精3000份，年人工授精繁殖1500頭雜交牛，集中育肥規(guī)模按500頭計(jì)算，年育肥1500頭牛。本項(xiàng)目建設(shè)地地勢平坦，坡度5%左右，由南向北傾斜，可以滿足地面交通及特大雨季排水及牛的自然尋坡就青的季節(jié)性生活習(xí)性需要。，節(jié)約土地并降低養(yǎng)殖成本，做好環(huán)境保護(hù)。第五章　布置方案與交通運(yùn)輸本項(xiàng)目擬在怪勒村以北3公里處建設(shè),。育肥基地?cái)M建怪勒村以北3公里處，該地區(qū)地勢較為平坦寬闊，草地面積大，水草茂盛，北側(cè)有山坡依靠，且多生長樺、柞樹等野生植物，非常適于牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)，完全可以滿足本項(xiàng)目工程建設(shè)占地面積的需要。防疫是指預(yù)防和防止牛傳染病的發(fā)生而言。在養(yǎng)牛生產(chǎn)過程中對牛疾病的預(yù)防要認(rèn)真貫徹“預(yù)防為主，防重于治，防治結(jié)合”的方針。定時(shí)定區(qū)讓牛群活動，促進(jìn)新陳代謝，增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)，保證充足的日光照射。保證牛飲用水的供應(yīng)，充足的光照條件，每100千克體重需供水10－12升/日。對放牧牛群要保證鹽和礦物質(zhì)飼料的供給量和野外飲水需要量。并有利于防火、防糞尿污染、糞場的位置在一切建筑物的下風(fēng)處，與牛舍距離30米以上，以利于衛(wèi)生防疫。本項(xiàng)目擬回收架子牛，在圈舍內(nèi)進(jìn)行人工飼養(yǎng)育肥，不會破壞禁地資源和自然環(huán)境。52′，平均海拔573米左右。第四章　廠址（產(chǎn)品）選擇與基地建設(shè)莫力達(dá)瓦達(dá)斡爾族自治旗騰克鎮(zhèn)怪勒村位于大興安嶺南麓，屬溫帶氣候，全年無霜期100天，封凍期由每年的十一月開始至次年的四月中旬，全年降水量在470毫米左右，土質(zhì)肥沃，水草豐富，具有較豐富的野生植物藥用資源。綜合以上因素與分析，本項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)品、產(chǎn)量與價(jià)格可以達(dá)到社會、生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益目標(biāo)。畜牧產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)銷售收入60億元。在肉牛養(yǎng)殖比較發(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū)，肉牛屠宰與加工業(yè)也有了相應(yīng)的發(fā)展，肉牛產(chǎn)業(yè)已成為當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。牛肉是人類理想的肉食品之一，其營養(yǎng)豐富，肉質(zhì)鮮美，蛋白質(zhì)含量高，脂肪和膽固醇低，含有多種必需氨基酸、維生素和微量元素等。特別是農(nóng)區(qū)大量的秸稈經(jīng)過科學(xué)處理后，粗蛋白質(zhì)提高1～2倍，消化率提高20%，相當(dāng)于中等青干草的質(zhì)量，飼喂肉牛效果良好。我國人多地少，糧食偏緊的狀況將長期存在，不能和不可能拿出更多的飼料糧用于畜牧業(yè)。從畜種結(jié)構(gòu)看，我國畜牧業(yè)歷來是以耗糧型生豬為主的，從肉類結(jié)構(gòu)看，%，%，而以草食料為主的牛、%，結(jié)構(gòu)極不合理。畜牧業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)指的是畜種、品種、畜群和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)，任何國家的畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)都應(yīng)與其國情相適應(yīng)。當(dāng)然，增產(chǎn)是多種因素綜合作用的結(jié)果，但其中土壤有機(jī)質(zhì)含量提高是個(gè)重要的因素，形成“牛多、肥多、糧多、草（秸稈）多”的良性循環(huán)。所以既有經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，又有生態(tài)效益。肉牛飼養(yǎng)業(yè)的發(fā)展，能夠促進(jìn)與之相配套的輕工業(yè)的發(fā)展。飼料主要是秸稈、青草、糟渣和適量精料（玉米、糠麩、餅粕等），來源廣泛，農(nóng)戶飼料成本低。項(xiàng)目本身的技術(shù)實(shí)施難度適中，經(jīng)過一般知識水平的培訓(xùn)的村民就能夠上崗，同時(shí)對于養(yǎng)殖是農(nóng)村比較常見的生產(chǎn)活動，所以對于村民的接受程度也是相當(dāng)高的。項(xiàng)目組成如下：第二章　項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的背景及投資建設(shè)的必要性莫力達(dá)瓦達(dá)斡爾族自治旗騰克鎮(zhèn)怪勒村，全村為水庫整體移民村，人口總數(shù)為648人。（設(shè)備）規(guī)劃選型、確定經(jīng)營指標(biāo)，并遵照國家和當(dāng)?shù)卣畬Νh(huán)境保護(hù)的有關(guān)規(guī)定，綜合評價(jià)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施對環(huán)境的影響，并提出行之有效的環(huán)保和勞動安全等保護(hù)措施。 and high, flat plains in the southeast. In the high plans area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel. Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle.We will follow Xie Lei’s progress in later editions of this newspaper but for now, we wish Xie Lei all the best in her new enterprise. She deserves to succeed.“It’s not just study that’s difficult. You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning,” explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in China. She told me that she had had to learn almost everything again. “Sometimes I felt like a child,” she said. “I had to learn how to use the phone, how to pay bus fare, and how to ask a shopkeeper for things I didn’t know the English for. When I got lost and had to ask a passerby for directions, I didn’t always understand. They don’t talk like they do on our listening tapes,” she said, laughing. KEEP IT UP, XIE LEIChoose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world’s poorest and bring hope for a better future to a munity in need.We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we climbed down the mountain towards home. That evening I fell happily into bed. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through. The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. Usually Kiak would sleep in her own hut, but that night she was going to share the platform with us. Mukap and Tombe were to sleep on small beds in another part of the hut,. There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut near the doorway. The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars.a bush school the classrooms are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track. When I reach the school grounds there are lots of “good mornings” for me from the boys. Many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to school.Tombe’s father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo but with grass sticking out of the roof this shows it is a man’s house. The huts were round, not rectangular like the school buildings.Later, I noticed a tin can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. After a short time Tombe threw it out of the doorway. I was puzzled. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night, so the food is dried up in the can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. Otherwise they don’t waste anything.JoWould you like to donate an unusual gift? Then this is the catalogue for you. The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.Unit 5Xie Lei, who is 21 years old, has e to our university to study for a business qualification. She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students plete before applying for a degree course. Xie Lei highly remends it. “The preparation course is most beneficial,” she said. “Studying here is quite different from studying in China, so you need some preparation first.”Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at home in England now, and what had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal. “I’ve just got one more thing to achieve. I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t ha