【正文】 owing countermeasures: perform the strategy of developing the cotton by science and technology, speed up the cotton industry process, improve the raw cotton quality’s conformity and stability, construct the cotton exquisite brand, enhance the seed management, create the preventiontreatment philosophy, pay attention to the pests prevention and control, plete and perfect the cotton’s original seed breeding base, improve the climate and ecological source environment, increase the river discharge and diverted water volume, perform the water saving irrigated technology, increase and save the water. The following conclusion could be made as follows through the research: cotton production level was not high and the difference was obvious. The cotton planting area in Markit ranked the bottom in 13 cotton planting countries (cities). The cotton planting area in the Xinjiang cost over 30,000 hectares. The cotton’s total output and yield per unit ranked the medium level in 68 cotton planting countries in Xinjiang and hesitated to press forward in the recent 20 years. The weak selfdevelopment force was the main reason. should greatly increase the infrastructure and scientific technology input. Build up the high standard water resource facilities and distribute the water reasonably. Greatly promote the under film drip irrigation advanced technology and save the irrigation water. Perfect the cotton’s original seed base. Promote improved variety of the high output and qualified cotton. Prevent and control the cotton pests scientifically. Promote the intercropping cotton’s high output and qualified planting mode, and realize the plete set of the improved variety and approach, cost saving, output and benefit increase, and cotton planting benefit’s continual increase. enlargement of the intercropping area aggravated the desertification degree. In 2022, the intercropping cost % of the cotton field area, which became the main cotton planting mode. However, this mode increased 103m3/hm2 of the water consumption. The fruit tree irrigation water was replenished by extracting the ground water, which further decreased the ground water level, got rid of the natural ecological water consumption, changed the ground water replenishment transfer, and seriously threaten the dessert planting protection outside the oasis.Keywords: Markit, Cotton production, Development Countermeasureⅲ目 錄第 1 章 引言 ....................................................1 選題背景和意義 ....................................................1 棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)是關(guān)系國計民生的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)，在國民經(jīng)濟中地位舉足輕重 ....1 發(fā)展棉花生產(chǎn)是增加農(nóng)民收入的主要來源與農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整需要 ....1 發(fā)展棉花生產(chǎn)前景廣闊，意義重大 ................................2 研究目標(biāo)、內(nèi)容和方法 ..............................................2 研究目標(biāo) ......................................................2 研究內(nèi)容 ......................................................3 研究、調(diào)查方法 ................................................4 研究特色和創(chuàng)新 ................................................6 數(shù)據(jù)來源和說明 ................................................7第 2 章 國內(nèi)外棉花生產(chǎn)概況 .....................................8 世界 棉花生產(chǎn)概述 ..................................................8 種植面積呈穩(wěn)中回落，單產(chǎn)提高，總產(chǎn)增加 ........................8 棉花種植區(qū)廣泛，分布較集中 ....................................8 產(chǎn)量水平差異大，發(fā)展極不平衡 ..................................9 中國棉花生產(chǎn)概況 .................................................10 植棉歷史悠久 .................................................11 生產(chǎn)發(fā)展迅速、總量增加 .......................................11 棉花生產(chǎn)波動幅度大 ...........................................12 植棉科技貢獻率高，為棉花生產(chǎn)發(fā)展提供了支撐 ...................12 棉花生產(chǎn)布局集中，已形成三大棉區(qū) .............................12 新疆棉花生產(chǎn)概況 .................................................13 新疆棉花生產(chǎn)發(fā)展歷程 .........................................13 面積、總產(chǎn)大幅度增加，單產(chǎn)提高 ...............................14 棉花在種植業(yè)中所占比重與機械化程度 ...........................15IV 形成了三大亞區(qū) ...............................................16 新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團植棉科技代表了新疆植棉科技發(fā)展方向 ...........18第 3 章 麥蓋提縣棉花生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀 ..................................19 區(qū)域概況 .........................................................19 地理位置 .....................................................19 自然條件 .....................................................19 農(nóng)民技術(shù)條件 .................................................21 麥蓋提縣棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 .............................................21 麥蓋提縣棉花種植情況 .........................................21 麥蓋提縣棉花品種更新、更換情況 ...............................25 麥蓋提縣棉花纖維品質(zhì)狀況 .....................................25 麥蓋提縣棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈現(xiàn)狀 .......................................27 麥蓋提縣發(fā)展棉花生產(chǎn)的主要做法 ...................................27 五肥（綠肥、廄肥、油渣、秸桿、化肥）齊抓，培肥地力 ...........27 樹立超前意識，立足抗旱、節(jié)水、抗災(zāi)奪豐收 .....................28 持續(xù)選育和推廣優(yōu)良品種 .......................................28 層層把關(guān)，一播全苗 ...........................................29 有效防治棉花有害生物危害 .....................................29 樹立超前意識，立足抗旱、節(jié)水、抗災(zāi)奪豐收 .....................29 良種良法配套，不斷提高棉花產(chǎn)量與質(zhì)量 .........................30 強化棉花質(zhì)量管理，不斷延伸棉花產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈 .........................30 棉花科技推廣現(xiàn)狀 .................................................31 推廣體系與網(wǎng)絡(luò) ...............................................31 主要做法 .....................................................31 推廣機構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀 .................................................31 棉花科技進步成效顯著 .........................................31 棉花實產(chǎn)提高，農(nóng)民獲得了實惠 ................................32第 4 章 麥蓋提縣棉花生產(chǎn)中存在的主要問題及原因 ...............33V 水資源緊缺，干旱、鹽堿脅迫一年比一年重 ...........................33 勞動力緊缺，植棉用工持續(xù)減少 .....................................34 植棉成本持續(xù)增加，勞動生產(chǎn)率低下 .................................35 棉花品種多、亂、雜，市場種子質(zhì)量良莠不齊 .........................36 棉田有害生物（蟲害）危害重 .......................................37 果棉間作面積逐年增加，果樹對棉花生產(chǎn)影響逐年加大 .................38 植棉科技體系脆弱，技術(shù)支撐乏力 ...................................39第 5 章 麥蓋提縣棉花生產(chǎn)發(fā)展對策 ..............................4