【正文】 的有機(jī)物達(dá)到規(guī)定的吸附量時(shí),換到另 1 臺(tái)吸附床進(jìn)行吸附凈化操作,同時(shí)對(duì)前面 1 臺(tái)吸附床進(jìn)行脫附再生。3 活性炭固定吸附床。液體吸收法凈化效率為 60%～80% ,適合處理低濃度,大風(fēng)量的有機(jī)廢氣,但存在著二次污染；催化燃燒法凈化率為 95% ,適合處理高濃度,小風(fēng)量的有機(jī)廢氣，缺點(diǎn)是對(duì)處理對(duì)象要求苛刻,要求氣體的溫度較高,為了提高廢氣溫度,要消耗大量的燃料,所以運(yùn)行費(fèi)用很高；活性炭吸附法凈化效率為 %～% ,對(duì)于處理大風(fēng)量、低濃度的有機(jī)廢氣,國(guó)內(nèi)外一致認(rèn)為該法是最為成熟和可靠的技術(shù),但該工藝流程過(guò)長(zhǎng),操作費(fèi)用高,另外需要穩(wěn)定的蒸氣源也常常是比較困難的事情。（4）采用低能耗、低運(yùn)行費(fèi)用、基建投資省、占地少、操作管理簡(jiǎn)便。（3）設(shè)計(jì)圖紙（平面布置圖、工藝流程圖、主要構(gòu)筑物圖、管道布置圖等） 設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)氣指標(biāo) 風(fēng)量為 20220 ，溫度為 35℃，hm/3排氣壓力為 kpa，苯濃度為 100 。建造快、占地少。催化劑成本高。設(shè)備龐大, 占地面積多。不需要加熱。所以必須解決廢氣凈化問(wèn)題。目前應(yīng)用最多的方法是吸附一催化燃燒法，它主要以顆粒炭或蜂窩炭為吸附劑，為了保證生產(chǎn)的連續(xù)性，一般設(shè)置兩個(gè)吸附床交替使用，由于切換的周期至少為1d，因此吸附床體積大，吸附劑用量多，設(shè)備笨重，投資大，操作麻煩；由于床層體積大，容易出現(xiàn)因吸附熱的積蓄引起的燃燒爆炸等現(xiàn) 2象。生物法包括生物過(guò)濾器，生物滴濾器，生物沖刷塔，膜生物反應(yīng)器，活性污泥法等。在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中，根據(jù)不同的情況，選擇合適的方法是有機(jī)廢氣治理的關(guān)鍵。]1[ 1我國(guó)在 1997 年 1 月 1 日開(kāi)始實(shí)施的《中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣污染物綜合排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(GB 16297 1996) 也規(guī)定了苯、甲苯、二甲苯、氯乙烯等 VOCs 排放較為嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如表 所示。在制鞋業(yè), 由于“三苯”中毒而導(dǎo)致工人致死事件已發(fā)生過(guò)多起, 而涂料工業(yè)使用的溶劑中,主要是甲苯、二甲苯和其它毒性有機(jī)物。關(guān)鍵詞：工業(yè)有機(jī)廢氣，干式除塵器，固定床吸附器，活性炭IIIAbstractDue to ubiquity in the environment and risk to human health, volatile anic pounds (VOCs) have received great attention in the field of environmental control. This design introduced an effective and the most extensive usage technology of activated carbon adsorption for cleaning volatile anic pounds (VOCs). That is to say, the project using the fixedbed adsorption system of activated carbon to purify volatile anic pounds (VOCs). Before decontanmination, the gases would be pretreaded by the dry separator which could wipe off the reek and dust, in order to avoid the subholes being jammed which would affect the efficiency of adsorption of activated carbon .Moreover the project choose activated carbon as sorbent,which has large adsorption ability and low resistance. At first, the text will introduce the condition of spraypaint waste gas,characteristics, and the present situation of cleaning of s volatile anic pounds (VOCs), and principles of them,explaining the reason to choose the technology.The second, the text will describe the principle,design method and the process calculation of the design.Finally, the text will do the budget of the projet，listed the spending plan of each certain items after confirming the project, including the spending on engineering construction ,equipment ,construction supercising, equipment maintenance, and the cost of water and water and electricity, to make sure the availability of the design. At last, an allaroud estimate and some feasible advice were suggested on the text.Keywords : volatile anic pounds (VOCs), dry separator,the fixedbed adsorption system, activated carbonIV目錄1. 緒 論 ..................................................................1 概述 .................................................................................................................................1 有機(jī)廢氣的來(lái)源 .........................................................................................................1 有機(jī)物對(duì)大氣的破壞和對(duì)人類(lèi)的危害 ........................................................................1 有機(jī)廢氣治理技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀及進(jìn)展 .....................................................................................2 各種凈化方法的分析比較 ........................................................................................32 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)說(shuō)明 ............................................................4 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù) ..........................................................................................................................4 設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)氣指標(biāo) ...................................................................................................................4 設(shè)計(jì)出氣指標(biāo) ..................................................................................................................4 設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo) ..........................................................................................................................43 工藝流程說(shuō)明 ............................................................6 工藝選擇 ..........................................................................................................................6 工藝流程 ..........................................................................................................................64 設(shè)計(jì)與計(jì)算 ..............................................................8 基本原理 .........................................................................................................................8 吸附原理 ....................................................................................................................8 吸附機(jī)理 ....................................................................................................................9 吸附等溫線與吸附等溫方程式 ................................................................................9 吸附量 ......................................................................................................................12 吸附速率 ..................................................................................................................12 吸附器選擇的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .................................................................................................13 吸附器的確定 ..........................................................................................................13 吸附劑的選擇 ........................................................................................................14 空塔氣速和橫截面積的確定 ..................................................................................16V 固定床吸附層高度的計(jì)算 ......................................................................................17 吸附劑（活性炭）用量的計(jì)算 ...............................................................................18 床層壓降的計(jì)算 .................................................................................................19]15[ 活性炭再生的計(jì)算 ..................................................................................................19 集氣罩的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 .........................................................................................................20 集氣罩氣流的流動(dòng)特性