【正文】 cry( )9. You39。re old enough _______with housework. We can help set the table, wash the dishes and clean our own rooms. A: to help B: helping C: helped( )6. Nancy is really a hardworking student. We often see her _______books in the classroom. A: read B: to read C: reads( )7 Mrs. Smith made her students _______the positions three times a week. A: write B: to write C: written D: writing( ) often makes his sister , but yesterday he was made by his sister.A: cry。 seeing C: running。s go out and have a walk. A: to take B: takes C: taking ( )11. —I like this set of sofa so much, but I don39。s go and ask Mr. Li. A: what to do B: to do what C: whether to do D: to do whether ( )3. How kind you are! You always do what you can _______me. A: help B: helping C: to help D: helps( )4 Drivers shouldn39。t know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。 There is nothing to worry about. 沒有什么可擔(dān)心的。如： My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板讓我的朋友們工作了一整夜。如： My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我媽媽鼓勵我學(xué)日語。t you do..., had better（not）do..., would rather do, could/would/will you please（not）do...I would rather stay in the 。s very clever of you to do like that. 你那樣做真是太聰明啦。1. 不定式作主語 動詞不定式作主語時(shí)，常用it作形式主語，而將真正的主語放在句末其結(jié)構(gòu)為：It+be+adj.（+ for/ of sb.）+動詞不定式如：To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意：在kind，good，nice，clever等表示人的品質(zhì)的形容詞后，不用for而用of。定語Have you got anything to say? 你有要說的嗎？不定式作定語，要放在所修飾詞的后面。賓語—What sports does he like to play?他喜歡做什么運(yùn)動？—He likes to play 。 動詞不定式的句法功能功能例句說明主語To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak English. 講英語對我們來說不容易。t help。只表明它所修飾的詞的用途、所屬關(guān)系等。表示一般的習(xí)慣或抽象行為或經(jīng)常性的動作。 非謂語動詞【非謂語動詞】 構(gòu)成：（to）+動詞原形 動詞不定式非 在句中的作用（除謂語動詞外的任何成分）謂 構(gòu)成： 語 動名詞動 用法（主、賓、表、定）詞 構(gòu)成：V. ing / （規(guī)則變化） 分詞 用法（表、補(bǔ)、定、狀）（一）動名詞一、動名詞的構(gòu)成：動名詞一般由“動詞原形+ing”構(gòu)成 二、動名詞的句法功能功能例句說明主語Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多對你的健康有害。Stamps are used for sending 。We should improve our teaching 。我們初中階段常見的有：finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem（in）, spend...（in）, feel like, be used to（習(xí)慣于）, give up, keep on, consider, suggest, can39。t help, feel like）喜歡思念要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）（二）動詞不定式 動詞不定時(shí)的構(gòu)成不定時(shí)的基本形式為：to+動詞原形，有時(shí)可以不用to，這里的to 是不定式符號，本身無詞義，動詞不定式的否定形式是not+（to+）動詞原形。多數(shù)情況下，不定式作表語，可轉(zhuǎn)換作為主語。在make，let，see，hear，watch等使役、感官動詞后，不定式省略to。I went to the library to study English.（表目的）不定式作狀語，其邏輯主語要和句子的主語一致。 It39。如： I find it easy to read English every day. ③常見的一些不帶to的動詞不定式Why not do..., Why don39。 tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。但變被動語態(tài)時(shí)，必須加上to。 ②如果是不及物動詞，且與所修飾的詞之間有動賓關(guān)系，要在不定式后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 He didn39。t know ________ it next. Let39。t. A: bring B: to bring C: bringing( )10.—What about _______a rest? —OK. Let39。 to see B: running。t do so B: playing；not to do so C: play；to do so ( )5. As teenagers, we39。 cry D: to cry。 to speak B. join。 go out B. to go out。s a good habit _________ every day. A. to keep doing exercise B. to stay up late C. to make much noise D. to too much ( )16. —It39。 Of course D. Open。 to e in C. open。 to be improved B. which。表示“被動、完成”用過去分詞作定語。agree 只能接不定式，在謂語動之后發(fā)生，用一般式，選 C。make sb do sth 的被動式為 sb be made to do sth(某人被迫做某事)。be lost in thought(沉思)是固定搭配；這類習(xí)慣表達(dá)還有 be caught in the rain(遭雨淋), be dressed in red(穿著紅衣), be seated(就座)等。因 The Olympic games 與 play 是被動關(guān)系，排除 A 和 D；不定式的被動式，表示未來的動作，排除 B。表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，后接不定式完成式，故選 B。 句中 read 意為“有某字樣”，a message pinned to the door 意為“釘在門上的一張紙條”，a message 與 read 是主動關(guān)系，因此用現(xiàn)在分詞。13. A。即卻ee the plan carried out the next year.15. A。remain 作“尚需”解，要接不定式作表語，see 與 it(形式主語，指whether they will enjoy it)是動賓關(guān)系，因此用不定式的被動式。18. C。he 與 smoke 是主動關(guān)系，用 ing 形式作補(bǔ)語，故選 B。21. C。因?yàn)?remain 是不及物動詞，其過去分詞無被動含義，所以要用 remaining(剩下的) 作定語，修飾 20 dollars。Harvard(哈佛大學(xué))與 found(建立)是被動關(guān)系，且早在1636年已建立，故用過去分詞。27. D。28. A?！斑B詞+分詞”作狀語。need, want, require 等表示“(某物)需要做某事”時(shí)，后接動名詞的主動式或接不定式的被動式都可以。given 作介詞，意為“鑒于、考慮到”，可接名詞或 that 從句。介詞后接動詞一般要用動名詞，但 but / except 等介詞后卻可以接不定式，前面有行為動詞 do 時(shí)不帶 to，無 do 時(shí)要帶 to。36. A。“新當(dāng)選的總統(tǒng)日子不好過”是因?yàn)椤坝性S多問題要解決”，表示“有…要…”用不定式作定語。39. D。41. D。give 與其邏輯主語 he 是動賓關(guān)系，用過去分詞，故選 D，Given time=If he is given time。 there are pictures ________ in your mind instead of before your eyes.A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed3. The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding4. The old man, ________ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked5. You were silly not ________ your car.A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked6. Don’t leave the water ________ while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run7. When flint ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced8. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ________ out o