英國(guó)文學(xué)期末復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)-全文預(yù)覽
【正文】 世紀(jì) ) 文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期 Background: (Renaissance started in Italy in 14th century) ① 工商業(yè)、城市的復(fù)興 ② 地理大發(fā)現(xiàn) (Geographical Discoveries)、科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展③ 海上殖民主義和資本主義生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的出現(xiàn) ④ 古希臘羅馬文化的發(fā)現(xiàn) ⑤ 以城市為中心、以市民為支柱的工商金融體系 ⑥ 軍事上與西班牙決戰(zhàn) Political: Feudal nobility lost much of their power, with the centralization of political and military power that came with the establishment of the great monarchies necessary for the development of capitalism. (The New Monarchy) Another form of political struggle is The Reformation of the church. Catholicism was at first challenged and then was replaced by Protestantism. Economic: Geographical Discoveries (mercial expansion and broadening the mental horizons) in the mercial expansion, Spain was the rival with England over the sea. At last a war broke out in 1588. it ended with the rout of the Spanish fleet “Armada”. In the cities the merchants and the master artisans grew in wealth, while in the countryside the peasants were badly exploited. They either rose in uprisings or ran away to the cities to add to the factory workers. (The Enclosure Movement) Cultural: In the literary field, the socalled revival of learning includes the study of ancient Greek and Roman literature and philosophy. There was the growing interest in man and the infinite capabilities of man against implicit faith in God. 主要文學(xué)成就： drama: Christopher Marlowe(14781535)馬洛、 William Shakespeare(15641616) lyrical poetry抒情詩 :Thomas Wyatt(1503?1542)、 Edmund Spenser(15521599) prose essay: Francis Bacon(15611626)、 Thomas More(14781535)、 Thomas Nashe(15671602) Christopher Marlowe made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama. Edmund Spenser： poet’ s poet(詩人中的詩人 ) Francis Bacon: 書上的 Of Truth、 Of Studies 均選自 Essays 論文集 Thomas Wyatt: the first to introduce the son into English literature 引入十四行詩的第一人 韻腳排列規(guī)律： ABABCDCDEFEFGG(P118為 例 ) William Shakespeare 四大悲劇 ： Hamlet 哈姆雷特 Othello 奧賽羅 King Lear 李爾王 The Tragedy of Macbeth 麥克白 四大喜?。?A Midsummer Night’ s Dream 仲夏夜之夢(mèng) The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人 As You Like It 皆大歡喜 Twelfth Night 第十二夜 十四行詩 P118賞析 Son 18: 或許我可用夏日將你作比方 /但你比夏日更可愛也更溫良 /夏風(fēng)狂作常會(huì)摧落五月的嬌蕊 /夏季的 期限也未免還不太長(zhǎng) /有時(shí)候天眼如炬人間酷熱難當(dāng) /但轉(zhuǎn)瞬又金面如晦常惹云遮霧障 /每一種美都終究會(huì)凋殘零落 /或見棄于機(jī)緣，或受挫于天道無常 /然而你永恒的夏季卻不會(huì)終止 /你優(yōu)美的形象也永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)消亡 /死神難夸口說你在它羅網(wǎng)中游蕩 /只因你借我的詩行便可長(zhǎng)壽無疆 /只要人口能呼吸，人眼看得清 /我這詩就長(zhǎng)存，使你萬世流芳 Theme： The poet writes beautifully on the conventional theme that his poetry will bring eternity to the one he loves and eulogizes. Shall I pare you to a summer39。 傳奇：描寫騎士的冒險(xiǎn)精神和典雅愛情，表現(xiàn)騎士為獲得榮譽(yù)、保護(hù)宗教或?yàn)榱粟A得貴婦人的愛情而到處冒險(xiǎn)的騎士精神的文學(xué)。 The ancestors of the English are Angles, Saxons and Jutes. 二、 The AngloNorman period (10661350) The Roman Conquest: In 1066, the Duke of Normandy William led the Norman army to invade England. The result of this war was William became the king of England. After the
公司管理相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1