【正文】 hieve high efficiency and miniaturization. Expands unceasingly in recent years, the power switch rectifier capacity, capacity of f from 48 v / A 48 v / 20 A, extended to the 48 v / 200 A, 48 v / 400 A.因通信設(shè)備中所用集成電路的種類繁多,其電源電壓也各不相同,在通信供電系統(tǒng)中采用高功率密度的高頻DCDC隔離電源模塊,從中間母線電壓(一般為48V直流)變換成所需的各種直流電壓,這樣可大大減小損耗、方便維護(hù),且安裝、增加非常方便。在通信領(lǐng)域中,通常將整流器稱為一次電源,而將直流直流(DC/DC)變換器稱為二次電源。已被大型計(jì)算機(jī)、通信設(shè)備、航空航天、工業(yè)控制等系統(tǒng)逐漸采納,也是超高速型集成電路的低電壓電源()的最為理想的供電方式。Distributed power supply system with small mass control integrated circuit power module and the basic ponents, using the latest theories and technological achievements of modular, intelligent highpower power supply, closely integrated so that the heavy current and weak current, reduce the high power ponents, the development of highpower devices (centralized) pressure, improve the production efficiency.八十年代初期,對(duì)分布式高頻開關(guān)電源系統(tǒng)的研究基本集中在變換器并聯(lián)技術(shù)的研究上。與傳統(tǒng)開關(guān)電源的區(qū)別是:(l)不僅反饋輸出電壓,還反饋輸入平均電流。在電阻負(fù)載條件下,輸出直流電壓達(dá)到55kV,電流達(dá)到15mA,。德國(guó)西門子公司采用功率晶體管做主開關(guān)元件,將電源的開關(guān)頻率提高到20kHz以上。Abroad can be done in inverter welding machine has rated welding current is 300 a, duty rate is 60%, the load voltage 60 ~ 75 v, current adjusting range is 5 ~ 300 a, 29 kg in weight. 大功率開關(guān)型高壓直流電源 high pressure highpower switch mode dc power supply大功率開關(guān)型高壓直流電源廣泛應(yīng)用于靜電除塵、水質(zhì)改良、醫(yī)用X光機(jī)和CT機(jī)等大型設(shè)備。50Hz交流電經(jīng)全橋整流變成直流,IGBT組成的PWM高頻變換部分將直流電逆變成20kHz的高頻矩形波,經(jīng)高頻變壓器耦合, 整流濾波后成為穩(wěn)定的直流,供電弧使用。Under international 400 kva inverter power supply series of products has been available. In the early eighty s, Japan39。國(guó)內(nèi)于90年代初期開始研究變頻空調(diào),96年引進(jìn)生產(chǎn)線生產(chǎn)變頻空調(diào)器,逐漸形成變頻空調(diào)開發(fā)生產(chǎn)熱點(diǎn)。Inverter power supply is mainly used in ac motor frequency control of motor speed, which occupy a position has bee increasingly important in electric drive system, has obtained huge energy saving effect. Inverter main circuit power supply adopt ac dc ac solution. Variable frequency power supply through the rectifier into a fixed dc voltage, and then made up of highpower IGBT transistor or PWM high frequency converter, inverter dc voltage into variable ac output voltage, frequency, power supply output waveform similar to sine wave, used to drive ac asynchronous motor to realize stepless speed regulation.國(guó)際上400kVA以下的變頻器電源系列產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)問世。超小型UPS發(fā)展也很迅速,、lkVA、2kVA、3kVA等多種規(guī)格的產(chǎn)品。為了在逆變器故障時(shí)仍能向負(fù)載提供能量,另一路備用電源通過電源轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)來實(shí)現(xiàn)。DC/DC converter to a fixed DC voltage transformation as a variable DC voltage, this technology has been widely applied in the trolley buses, subways, trains, stepless variable speed and control of electric vehicle, and to make the control to obtain smooth acceleration and fast response performance, and at the same time receive electrical energy saving effect. Use the dc chopper instead rheostat can save electric energy (20 ~ 30) %. Dc chopper can not only ACTS as voltage regulation (switching power supply), but also can effectively inhibit the action of the grid side harmonic current noise.通信電源的二次電源DC/DC變換器已商品化,模塊采用高頻PWM技術(shù),開關(guān)頻率在500kHz左右,功率密度為5W~20W/in3。因通信容量的不斷增加,通信電源容量也將不斷增加。目前在程控交換機(jī)用的一次電源中,傳統(tǒng)的相控式穩(wěn)壓電源己被高頻開關(guān)電源取代,高頻開關(guān)電源(也稱為開關(guān)型整流器SMR)通過MOSFET或IGBT的高頻工作,開關(guān)頻率一般控制在50100kHz范圍內(nèi),實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率和小型化。The development of puter technology, the puter put forward green and green power supply. Green puter refers to personal puters and related products is harmless to the environment, green power refers to the green puter related efficiently save electricity power supply, according to the . environmental protection agency (epa) in l992 on June 17, energy star program, desktop personal puters or related peripheral equipment, the power consumption in the sleep state, if less than 30 watts, accord with the requirement of green puter, improve the efficiency of power supply is the fundamental way to reduce the consumption of power. Current efficiency is 75% of 200 w switching power supply, power supply itself consumes 50 watts of energy. 通信用高頻開關(guān)電源 munication of high frequency switching power supply通信業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展極大的推動(dòng)了通信電源的發(fā)展。接著開關(guān)電源技術(shù)相繼進(jìn)人了電子、電器設(shè)備領(lǐng)域。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),到1995年底,功率M0SFET和GTR在功率半導(dǎo)體器件市場(chǎng)上已達(dá)到平分秋色的地步,而用IGBT代替GTR在電力電子領(lǐng)域巳成定論。這時(shí)的電力電子技術(shù)已經(jīng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)整流和逆變,但工作頻率較低,僅局限在中低頻范圍內(nèi)。Highpower industrial power is provided by (50 hz) power frequency ac generators, but about 20% of electricity consumption in the form of dc, one of the most typical is the electrolysis (nonferrous metal and chemical raw materials need to dc solution), traction, electric scooter, electric drive the internal bustion engine car city, metro lootives, trolley buses, etc.) and dc transmission (rolling, papermaking, etc.) the three areas. Highpower silicon rectifier can effectively put the alternating current into direct current (dc) power frequency, therefore in the 60 s and seventy s, the development and application of high power silicon rectifier and brake pipe to great development. Was raised used to domestic DaBan silicon rectifier plant around the boom, at present the national greatly small manufacturing silicon rectifier semiconductor manufacturers is the product of at that time. 逆變器時(shí)代 inverter era七十年代出現(xiàn)了世界范圍的能源危機(jī),交流電機(jī)變頻惆速因節(jié)能效果顯著而迅速發(fā)展。八十年代末期和九十年代初期發(fā)展起來的、以功率MOSFET和IGBT為代表的、集高頻、高壓和大電流于一身的功率半導(dǎo)體復(fù)合器件,表明傳統(tǒng)電力電子技術(shù)已經(jīng)進(jìn)入現(xiàn)代電力電子時(shí)代。Modern power technology is the application of power electronic semiconductor devices and integrated automatic control, puter (microprocessor) and electromagnetic technology of multidisciplinary edge in technology. In all kinds of high quality, high efficiency, high reliability of power supply plays a key role, is the concrete application of modern power electronic technology.當(dāng)前,電力電子作為節(jié)能、節(jié)才、自動(dòng)化、智能化、機(jī)電一體化的基礎(chǔ),正朝著應(yīng)用技術(shù)高頻化、硬件結(jié)構(gòu)模塊化、產(chǎn)品性能綠色化的方向發(fā)展。在各種高質(zhì)量、高效、高可靠性的電源中起關(guān)鍵作用,是現(xiàn)代電力電子技術(shù)的具 體應(yīng)用。電力電子技術(shù)起始于五十年代末六十年代初的硅整流器件,其發(fā)展先后經(jīng)歷了整流器時(shí)代、逆變器時(shí)代和變頻器時(shí)代,并促進(jìn)了電力電子技術(shù)在許多新領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。當(dāng)時(shí)國(guó)內(nèi)曾經(jīng)掀起了股各地大辦硅整流器廠的熱潮,目前全國(guó)大大小小的制造硅整流器的半導(dǎo)體廠家就是那時(shí)的產(chǎn)物。類似的應(yīng)用還包括高壓直流輸出,靜止式無(wú)功功率動(dòng)態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)?。MOSFET和IGBT的相繼問世,是傳統(tǒng)的電力電子向現(xiàn)代電力電子轉(zhuǎn)化的標(biāo)志。八十年代,計(jì)算機(jī)全面采用了開關(guān)電源,率先完成計(jì)算機(jī)電源換代。就目前效率為75%的200瓦開關(guān)電源而言,電源自身要消耗50瓦的能源。一次電源的作用是將單相或三相交流電網(wǎng)變換成標(biāo)稱值為48V的直流電源。一般都可直接裝在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)控制板上,對(duì)二次電源的要求是高功率密度。直流斬波器不僅能起調(diào)壓的作用(開關(guān)電源), 同時(shí)還能起到有效地抑制電網(wǎng)側(cè)諧波電流噪聲的作用。交流市電輸入經(jīng)整流器變成直流,一部分能量給蓄電池組充電,另一部分能量經(jīng)逆變器變成交流,經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)換開關(guān)送到負(fù)載。Modern UPS M0SFET generally adopts the